Phrasebook

em At the restaurant 1   »   ad Рестораным 1

29 [twenty-nine]

At the restaurant 1

At the restaurant 1

29 [тIокIырэ бгъурэ]

29 [tIokIyrje bgurje]

Рестораным 1

[Restoranym 1]

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Is this table taken? М--Iа-эр--бы--г-э--ны-а? М_ I____ у________ н____ М- I-н-р у-ы-ы-ъ-п н-I-? ------------------------ Мы Iанэр убытыгъэп ныIа? 0
M---anjer-ub------p-n---? M_ I_____ u________ n____ M- I-n-e- u-y-y-j-p n-I-? ------------------------- My Ianjer ubytygjep nyIa?
I would like the menu, please. Ме--м-с---плъ--с-I---ъ-- х-ущтмэ. М____ с_______ с________ х_______ М-н-м с-х-п-ъ- с-I-и-ъ-, х-у-т-э- --------------------------------- Менюм сыхаплъэ сшIоигъу, хъущтмэ. 0
M---u- s---plje---h-o---- h-shh-m-e. M_____ s_______ s________ h_________ M-n-u- s-h-p-j- s-h-o-g-, h-s-h-m-e- ------------------------------------ Menjum syhaplje sshIoigu, hushhtmje.
What would you recommend? О -ы- ---оу --ы-ф-п-ъ--ъу- ---эк-ыщт? О с__ и____ к_____________ п_________ О с-д и-ъ-у к-ы-ф-п-ъ-г-у- п-ъ-к-ы-т- ------------------------------------- О сыд игъоу къытфэплъэгъун плъэкIыщт? 0
O --- i-ou -ytfje---e-un-----kIy--h-? O s__ i___ k____________ p___________ O s-d i-o- k-t-j-p-j-g-n p-j-k-y-h-t- ------------------------------------- O syd igou kytfjepljegun pljekIyshht?
I’d like a beer. С- пивэ-сы---. С_ п___ с_____ С- п-в- с-ф-й- -------------- Сэ пивэ сыфай. 0
Sje-pi--e-syfaj. S__ p____ s_____ S-e p-v-e s-f-j- ---------------- Sje pivje syfaj.
I’d like a mineral water. Сэ-минера-ы-- -ыфа-. С_ м_________ с_____ С- м-н-р-л-п- с-ф-й- -------------------- Сэ минералыпс сыфай. 0
S-- ------l--s syfaj. S__ m_________ s_____ S-e m-n-r-l-p- s-f-j- --------------------- Sje mineralyps syfaj.
I’d like an orange juice. Сэ -п-льси-ы-- сы-а-. С_ а__________ с_____ С- а-е-ь-и-ы-с с-ф-й- --------------------- Сэ апельсиныпс сыфай. 0
Sje-a--l---n--s--yfa-. S__ a__________ s_____ S-e a-e-'-i-y-s s-f-j- ---------------------- Sje apel'sinyps syfaj.
I’d like a coffee. С- -о-е --ф--. С_ к___ с_____ С- к-ф- с-ф-й- -------------- Сэ кофе сыфай. 0
S-e-k--- syfa-. S__ k___ s_____ S-e k-f- s-f-j- --------------- Sje kofe syfaj.
I’d like a coffee with milk. С- кофе---э-хэк--г--у -ы---. С_ к____ щ_ х________ с_____ С- к-ф-м щ- х-к-а-ъ-у с-ф-й- ---------------------------- Сэ кофем щэ хэкIагъэу сыфай. 0
S----o-em shhj---j-kIa-jeu --faj. S__ k____ s____ h_________ s_____ S-e k-f-m s-h-e h-e-I-g-e- s-f-j- --------------------------------- Sje kofem shhje hjekIagjeu syfaj.
With sugar, please. Шъо----ъу---л-э---х-ущ-м-. Ш________ х______ х_______ Ш-о-щ-г-у х-л-э-, х-у-т-э- -------------------------- Шъоущыгъу хэлъэу, хъущтмэ. 0
Sh--shhygu hj-l-------s-htmj-. S_________ h_______ h_________ S-o-s-h-g- h-e-j-u- h-s-h-m-e- ------------------------------ Shoushhygu hjeljeu, hushhtmje.
I’d like a tea. С- -аи-жъэ сы--й. С_ щ______ с_____ С- щ-и-ж-э с-ф-й- ----------------- Сэ щаибжъэ сыфай. 0
Sje ---a--zhje --f-j. S__ s_________ s_____ S-e s-h-i-z-j- s-f-j- --------------------- Sje shhaibzhje syfaj.
I’d like a tea with lemon. Сэ -----ъэ-лим-- -эл-эу------. С_ щ______ л____ х_____ с_____ С- щ-и-ж-э л-м-н х-л-э- с-ф-й- ------------------------------ Сэ щаибжъэ лимон хэлъэу сыфай. 0
S-e--h----zhj------- hj----- --fa-. S__ s_________ l____ h______ s_____ S-e s-h-i-z-j- l-m-n h-e-j-u s-f-j- ----------------------------------- Sje shhaibzhje limon hjeljeu syfaj.
I’d like a tea with milk. Сэ ------- щэ х-----ъ-у сыф-й. С_ щ______ щ_ х________ с_____ С- щ-и-ж-э щ- х-к-а-ъ-у с-ф-й- ------------------------------ Сэ щаибжъэ щэ хэкIагъэу сыфай. 0
S-- ---aib---e--h--e hje--a--e- sy-a-. S__ s_________ s____ h_________ s_____ S-e s-h-i-z-j- s-h-e h-e-I-g-e- s-f-j- -------------------------------------- Sje shhaibzhje shhje hjekIagjeu syfaj.
Do you have cigarettes? Ту--- ш--и--? Т____ ш______ Т-т-н ш-у-I-? ------------- Тутын шъуиIа? 0
Tutyn-s-u---? T____ s______ T-t-n s-u-I-? ------------- Tutyn shuiIa?
Do you have an ashtray? Т-ты----а-э-итэ---ал----ъ---а? Т____ с____ и_________ ш______ Т-т-н с-а-э и-э-ъ-а-ъ- ш-у-I-? ------------------------------ Тутын стафэ итэкъуалъэ шъуиIа? 0
Tut-- ----j- i-je-u---e --u-I-? T____ s_____ i_________ s______ T-t-n s-a-j- i-j-k-a-j- s-u-I-? ------------------------------- Tutyn stafje itjekualje shuiIa?
Do you have a light? С-рн-- -ъ-иI-? С_____ ш______ С-р-ы- ш-у-I-? -------------- Сырныч шъуиIа? 0
Syrny-- -h--Ia? S______ s______ S-r-y-h s-u-I-? --------------- Syrnych shuiIa?
I’m missing a fork. Цац----ы----э. Ц____ с_______ Ц-ц-м с-щ-к-э- -------------- Цацэм сыщэкIэ. 0
Cac-em-s----j---je. C_____ s___________ C-c-e- s-s-h-e-I-e- ------------------- Cacjem syshhjekIje.
I’m missing a knife. Шъ--ъы----ы-экI-. Ш_______ с_______ Ш-э-ъ-е- с-щ-к-э- ----------------- Шъэжъыем сыщэкIэ. 0
S-je--ye- --sh----I-e. S________ s___________ S-j-z-y-m s-s-h-e-I-e- ---------------------- Shjezhyem syshhjekIje.
I’m missing a spoon. Д---ыш-ым -ыщ--Iэ. Д________ с_______ Д-э-ы-х-м с-щ-к-э- ------------------ Джэмышхым сыщэкIэ. 0
D-hjemy---ym----hh-e--je. D___________ s___________ D-h-e-y-h-y- s-s-h-e-I-e- ------------------------- Dzhjemyshhym syshhjekIje.

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Grammar prevents lies!

Every language has particular features. But some also have characteristics that are unique worldwide. Among these languages is Trio. Trio is a Native American language in South America. Around 2,000 people in Brazil and Suriname speak it. What makes Trio special is its grammar. Because it forces its speakers to always tell the truth. The so-called frustrative ending is responsible for this. This ending is added to verbs in Trio. It indicates how true a sentence is. A simple example explains how exactly it works. Let's take the sentence The child went to school. In Trio, the speaker has to add a certain ending onto the verb. Through the ending he is able to communicate whether he saw the child himself. But he can also express that he only knows it from speaking to others. Or he says through the ending that he knows it's a lie. So the speaker has to commit to what he is saying. Meaning, he must communicate how true a statement is. In this way he cannot keep anything a secret or sugarcoat anything. If a Trio speaker leaves the ending off, he is deemed a liar. In Suriname the official language is Dutch. Translations from Dutch into Trio are often problematic. Because most languages are much less precise. They make it possible for the speakers to be vague. Therefore, interpreters don't always commit to what they are saying. The communication with Trio speakers is thereby difficult. Perhaps the frustrative ending would be helpful in other languages too!? Not only in the language of politics…
Did you know?
Macedonian is the native language of around 2 million people. It is counted among the South Slavic languages. It is most closely related to Bulgarian. Speakers of both languages can communicate with each other easily. The two languages differ from each other more in their written forms. There have always been many different ethnic groups in Macedonia. Naturally, this is also apparent in the vernacular. It has been influenced by numerous other languages. The neighboring country of Serbia has especially influenced the Macedonian language. The vocabulary contains many terms from Russian, Turkish, and English. Such linguistic variety does not exist in many countries. That is why it has been difficult for Macedonian to establish itself as its own language. Macedonian literature has especially suffered from this situation. Macedonian is now considered an established standard language. For this reason, it is an important part of the Macedonian identity.