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5 [five]

Countries and Languages

Countries and Languages

5 [päť]

Krajiny a jazyky

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John is from London. J-hn-j----L----na. J___ j_ z L_______ J-h- j- z L-n-ý-a- ------------------ John je z Londýna. 0
London is in Great Britain. Lo-dý------- V----j-Br-t--i-. L_____ j_ v_ V_____ B________ L-n-ý- j- v- V-ľ-e- B-i-á-i-. ----------------------------- Londýn je vo Veľkej Británii. 0
He speaks English. Hov--í--- a--l--ky. H_____ p_ a________ H-v-r- p- a-g-i-k-. ------------------- Hovorí po anglicky. 0
Maria is from Madrid. Már-- -- z--adrid-. M____ j_ z M_______ M-r-a j- z M-d-i-u- ------------------- Mária je z Madridu. 0
Madrid is in Spain. Mad--d----- Špa--e-s-u. M_____ j_ v Š__________ M-d-i- j- v Š-a-i-l-k-. ----------------------- Madrid je v Španielsku. 0
She speaks Spanish. H-vo-í po špan-el---. H_____ p_ š__________ H-v-r- p- š-a-i-l-k-. --------------------- Hovorí po španielsky. 0
Peter and Martha are from Berlin. P--er a-M-rta--ú-z --r-ín-. P____ a M____ s_ z B_______ P-t-r a M-r-a s- z B-r-í-a- --------------------------- Peter a Marta sú z Berlína. 0
Berlin is in Germany. B---í- -- v Ne---ku. B_____ j_ v N_______ B-r-í- j- v N-m-c-u- -------------------- Berlín je v Nemecku. 0
Do both of you speak German? Ho--ríte --a-- -o-n--eck-? H_______ o____ p_ n_______ H-v-r-t- o-a-a p- n-m-c-y- -------------------------- Hovoríte obaja po nemecky? 0
London is a capital city. Lo-dý--je ---v-é -e---. L_____ j_ h_____ m_____ L-n-ý- j- h-a-n- m-s-o- ----------------------- Londýn je hlavné mesto. 0
Madrid and Berlin are also capital cities. M--ri----Be-l-n-sú tiež --av------tá. M_____ a B_____ s_ t___ h_____ m_____ M-d-i- a B-r-í- s- t-e- h-a-n- m-s-á- ------------------------------------- Madrid a Berlín sú tiež hlavné mestá. 0
Capital cities are big and noisy. H---n--mestá -ú veľké a-h-----. H_____ m____ s_ v____ a h______ H-a-n- m-s-á s- v-ľ-é a h-u-n-. ------------------------------- Hlavné mestá sú veľké a hlučné. 0
France is in Europe. F-ancú--k- -- -a---d-a---E-r---. F_________ s_ n_______ v E______ F-a-c-z-k- s- n-c-á-z- v E-r-p-. -------------------------------- Francúzsko sa nachádza v Európe. 0
Egypt is in Africa. E---t ---n--h---a v A-r--e. E____ s_ n_______ v A______ E-y-t s- n-c-á-z- v A-r-k-. --------------------------- Egypt sa nachádza v Afrike. 0
Japan is in Asia. Ja-on-ko s----c-á-z- - Á--i. J_______ s_ n_______ v Á____ J-p-n-k- s- n-c-á-z- v Á-i-. ---------------------------- Japonsko sa nachádza v Ázii. 0
Canada is in North America. Kan----s- n---á-za --Se---ne---m-ri-e. K_____ s_ n_______ v S_______ A_______ K-n-d- s- n-c-á-z- v S-v-r-e- A-e-i-e- -------------------------------------- Kanada sa nachádza v Severnej Amerike. 0
Panama is in Central America. Pa--m-----nac-á--a-v-S---d--j A--ri--. P_____ s_ n_______ v S_______ A_______ P-n-m- s- n-c-á-z- v S-r-d-e- A-e-i-e- -------------------------------------- Panama sa nachádza v Strednej Amerike. 0
Brazil is in South America. Br---lia-sa-n-c--dza-v-J-ž--j--me--k-. B_______ s_ n_______ v J_____ A_______ B-a-í-i- s- n-c-á-z- v J-ž-e- A-e-i-e- -------------------------------------- Brazília sa nachádza v Južnej Amerike. 0

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Languages and dialects

There are 6,000 to 7,000 different languages worldwide. The number of dialects is of course much higher. But what is the difference between language and dialect? Dialects always have a clearly localized tone. They belong to the regional language varieties. This means dialects are a language form with the narrowest reach. As a general rule, dialects are only spoken, not written. They form their own linguistic system. And they follow their own rules. Theoretically, every language can have several dialects. All dialects fall under the standard language of a country. The standard language is understood by all the people of a country. With it, even speakers of different dialects can communicate with each other. Almost all dialects are becoming less important. You hardly hear dialects being spoken in cities anymore. The standard language is usually spoken at work as well. Therefore, dialect speakers are often said to be simple and uneducated. And yet they can be found at all social levels. So dialect speakers are no less intelligent than others. Quite the opposite! Those who speak in dialect have many advantages. In a language course, for example. Dialect speakers know that there are different linguistic forms. And they have learned to switch quickly between linguistic styles. Therefore, dialect speakers possess a higher competence for variation. They can sense which linguistic style fits with a certain situation. This has even been scientifically proven. So: Have courage in using dialect – it's worth it!
Did you know?
Bulgarian is counted among the South Slavic languages. About 10 million people speak Bulgarian. The majority of those people, of course, live in Bulgaria. Bulgarian is spoken in other countries as well, however. Among those are Ukraine and Moldova. Bulgarian is one of the oldest documented Slavic languages. It has many specific features too. The similarity to Albanian and Romanian is striking. These languages are not Slavic languages. There are many parallels nevertheless. Therefore, all of these languages are also denoted as Balkan languages. They have a lot in common, although they are not related to each other. Bulgarian verbs can take on many forms. There is also no infinitive in Bulgarian. If you want to learn this interesting language you will soon discover many new things!