Phrasebook

en At the restaurant 1   »   he ‫במסעדה 1‬

29 [twenty-nine]

At the restaurant 1

At the restaurant 1

‫29 [עשרים ותשע]‬

29 [essrim w\'tesha]

‫במסעדה 1‬

[bamis'adah 1]

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Is this table taken? ‫האם -ש-ל-ן -זה -נ--?‬ ‫___ ה_____ ה__ פ_____ ‫-א- ה-ו-ח- ה-ה פ-ו-?- ---------------------- ‫האם השולחן הזה פנוי?‬ 0
ha'-- has---x-- ---eh p--u-? h____ h________ h____ p_____ h-'-m h-s-u-x-n h-z-h p-n-y- ---------------------------- ha'im hashulxan hazeh panuy?
I would like the menu, please. ‫--מח----- -ת -תפריט-‬ ‫____ ל___ א_ ה_______ ‫-ש-ח ל-ב- א- ה-פ-י-.- ---------------------- ‫אשמח לקבל את התפריט.‬ 0
ess--x--'q-bel----ha--fr--. e_____ l______ e_ h________ e-s-a- l-q-b-l e- h-t-f-i-. --------------------------- essmax l'qabel et hatafrit.
What would you recommend? ‫-ה-תמל-- / צי?‬ ‫__ ת____ / צ___ ‫-ה ת-ל-ץ / צ-?- ---------------- ‫מה תמליץ / צי?‬ 0
m-h t----ts-ta-lits-? m__ t________________ m-h t-m-i-s-t-m-i-s-? --------------------- mah tamlits/tamlitsi?
I’d like a beer. ‫אפ-ר---בל-ב---- ----?‬ ‫____ ל___ ב____ ב_____ ‫-פ-ר ל-ב- ב-ק-ה ב-ר-?- ----------------------- ‫אפשר לקבל בבקשה בירה?‬ 0
e---ar l'qa--l--'va-as--- -----? e_____ l______ b_________ b_____ e-s-a- l-q-b-l b-v-q-s-a- b-r-h- -------------------------------- efshar l'qabel b'vaqashah birah?
I’d like a mineral water. ‫-פשר-ל--ל-ב-----מ-ם-מי--לי-ם-‬ ‫____ ל___ ב____ מ__ מ_________ ‫-פ-ר ל-ב- ב-ק-ה מ-ם מ-נ-ל-י-?- ------------------------------- ‫אפשר לקבל בבקשה מים מינרליים?‬ 0
e-s-a- -'q---- -'vaq---ah--aim-m-n--a---? e_____ l______ b_________ m___ m_________ e-s-a- l-q-b-l b-v-q-s-a- m-i- m-n-r-l-m- ----------------------------------------- efshar l'qabel b'vaqashah maim mineralim?
I’d like an orange juice. ‫--ש- ---ל--בקשה-מ-- -פ-ז-ם?‬ ‫____ ל___ ב____ מ__ ת_______ ‫-פ-ר ל-ב- ב-ק-ה מ-ץ ת-ו-י-?- ----------------------------- ‫אפשר לקבל בבקשה מיץ תפוזים?‬ 0
ef-----l'qabe- b-va---ha--mits tapu--m? e_____ l______ b_________ m___ t_______ e-s-a- l-q-b-l b-v-q-s-a- m-t- t-p-z-m- --------------------------------------- efshar l'qabel b'vaqashah mits tapuzim?
I’d like a coffee. ‫-פשר ל-ב---בקשה--פ--‬ ‫____ ל___ ב____ ק____ ‫-פ-ר ל-ב- ב-ק-ה ק-ה-‬ ---------------------- ‫אפשר לקבל בבקשה קפה?‬ 0
e--h-r-l'-a-e--b'-----hah -afe-? e_____ l______ b_________ q_____ e-s-a- l-q-b-l b-v-q-s-a- q-f-h- -------------------------------- efshar l'qabel b'vaqashah qafeh?
I’d like a coffee with milk. ‫--ש--לקבל ---שה קפ---ם-חלב?‬ ‫____ ל___ ב____ ק__ ע_ ח____ ‫-פ-ר ל-ב- ב-ק-ה ק-ה ע- ח-ב-‬ ----------------------------- ‫אפשר לקבל בבקשה קפה עם חלב?‬ 0
e--ha- l'---el b--a-a---h q---h -m-x-lav? e_____ l______ b_________ q____ i_ x_____ e-s-a- l-q-b-l b-v-q-s-a- q-f-h i- x-l-v- ----------------------------------------- efshar l'qabel b'vaqashah qafeh im xalav?
With sugar, please. ‫עם-ס--ר-ב-קש--‬ ‫__ ס___ ב______ ‫-ם ס-כ- ב-ק-ה-‬ ---------------- ‫עם סוכר בבקשה.‬ 0
im-----r b'v----hah. i_ s____ b__________ i- s-k-r b-v-q-s-a-. -------------------- im sukar b'vaqashah.
I’d like a tea. ‫אפ----ק-ל -ב--ה ת--‬ ‫____ ל___ ב____ ת___ ‫-פ-ר ל-ב- ב-ק-ה ת-?- --------------------- ‫אפשר לקבל בבקשה תה?‬ 0
e-s-----'qab-l -'vaqa-ha- t-h? e_____ l______ b_________ t___ e-s-a- l-q-b-l b-v-q-s-a- t-h- ------------------------------ efshar l'qabel b'vaqashah teh?
I’d like a tea with lemon. ‫א--ר-ל-ב--בבק-ה-ת---ם-לי--ן?‬ ‫____ ל___ ב____ ת_ ע_ ל______ ‫-פ-ר ל-ב- ב-ק-ה ת- ע- ל-מ-ן-‬ ------------------------------ ‫אפשר לקבל בבקשה תה עם לימון?‬ 0
efs-ar -'-ab-l---v---sha- t-- -m--i---? e_____ l______ b_________ t__ i_ l_____ e-s-a- l-q-b-l b-v-q-s-a- t-h i- l-m-n- --------------------------------------- efshar l'qabel b'vaqashah teh im limon?
I’d like a tea with milk. ‫אפשר -קבל -בק-ה-ת- -ם -לב-‬ ‫____ ל___ ב____ ת_ ע_ ח____ ‫-פ-ר ל-ב- ב-ק-ה ת- ע- ח-ב-‬ ---------------------------- ‫אפשר לקבל בבקשה תה עם חלב?‬ 0
efs-a- ---ab-----v---sh-h-te---- xal--? e_____ l______ b_________ t__ i_ x_____ e-s-a- l-q-b-l b-v-q-s-a- t-h i- x-l-v- --------------------------------------- efshar l'qabel b'vaqashah teh im xalav?
Do you have cigarettes? ‫----כם סי-רי--?‬ ‫__ ל__ ס________ ‫-ש ל-ם ס-ג-י-ת-‬ ----------------- ‫יש לכם סיגריות?‬ 0
y-s--l-k-em-s---ri--? y___ l_____ s________ y-s- l-k-e- s-g-r-o-? --------------------- yesh lakhem sigariot?
Do you have an ashtray? ‫י--מ-פר-?‬ ‫__ מ______ ‫-ש מ-פ-ה-‬ ----------- ‫יש מאפרה?‬ 0
y-s--ma'-fer-h? y___ m_________ y-s- m-'-f-r-h- --------------- yesh ma'aferah?
Do you have a light? ‫---ר-ל--- -ש-‬ ‫____ ל___ א___ ‫-פ-ר ל-ב- א-?- --------------- ‫אפשר לקבל אש?‬ 0
e-s--r l'q---l e--? e_____ l______ e___ e-s-a- l-q-b-l e-h- ------------------- efshar l'qabel esh?
I’m missing a fork. ‫--ר ל- ---ג-‬ ‫___ ל_ מ_____ ‫-ס- ל- מ-ל-.- -------------- ‫חסר לי מזלג.‬ 0
x---r--i m-zl--. x____ l_ m______ x-s-r l- m-z-e-. ---------------- xaser li mazleg.
I’m missing a knife. ‫חסר--לי -כ-ן.‬ ‫____ ל_ ס_____ ‫-ס-ה ל- ס-י-.- --------------- ‫חסרה לי סכין.‬ 0
xa-e-----i s----. x______ l_ s_____ x-s-r-h l- s-k-n- ----------------- xaserah li sakin.
I’m missing a spoon. ‫--רה--- כ--‬ ‫____ ל_ כ___ ‫-ס-ה ל- כ-.- ------------- ‫חסרה לי כף.‬ 0
x-s---h -- k--. x______ l_ k___ x-s-r-h l- k-f- --------------- xaserah li kaf.

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Grammar prevents lies!

Every language has particular features. But some also have characteristics that are unique worldwide. Among these languages is Trio. Trio is a Native American language in South America. Around 2,000 people in Brazil and Suriname speak it. What makes Trio special is its grammar. Because it forces its speakers to always tell the truth. The so-called frustrative ending is responsible for this. This ending is added to verbs in Trio. It indicates how true a sentence is. A simple example explains how exactly it works. Let's take the sentence The child went to school. In Trio, the speaker has to add a certain ending onto the verb. Through the ending he is able to communicate whether he saw the child himself. But he can also express that he only knows it from speaking to others. Or he says through the ending that he knows it's a lie. So the speaker has to commit to what he is saying. Meaning, he must communicate how true a statement is. In this way he cannot keep anything a secret or sugarcoat anything. If a Trio speaker leaves the ending off, he is deemed a liar. In Suriname the official language is Dutch. Translations from Dutch into Trio are often problematic. Because most languages are much less precise. They make it possible for the speakers to be vague. Therefore, interpreters don't always commit to what they are saying. The communication with Trio speakers is thereby difficult. Perhaps the frustrative ending would be helpful in other languages too!? Not only in the language of politics…
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