Phrasebook

en At the restaurant 4   »   ka რესტორანში 4

32 [thirty-two]

At the restaurant 4

At the restaurant 4

32 [ოცდათორმეტი]

32 [otsdatormet\'i]

რესტორანში 4

[rest'oranshi 4]

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I’d like chips / French fries (am.) with ketchup. ერთ- --რ-ო-ი-- (ფრი) კ--უ-ი-. ე___ კ________ (____ კ_______ ე-თ- კ-რ-ო-ი-ი (-რ-) კ-ჩ-პ-თ- ----------------------------- ერთი კარტოფილი (ფრი) კეჩუპით. 0
e-ti --art'o-----(pr-) k'echu----. e___ k__________ (____ k__________ e-t- k-a-t-o-i-i (-r-) k-e-h-p-i-. ---------------------------------- erti k'art'opili (pri) k'echup'it.
And two with mayonnaise. დ--ო-ჯერ---მ--ო---ით. დ_ ო____ – მ_________ დ- ო-ჯ-რ – მ-ი-ნ-ზ-თ- --------------------- და ორჯერ – მაიონეზით. 0
d- o-j---–--ai-n-z-t. d_ o____ – m_________ d- o-j-r – m-i-n-z-t- --------------------- da orjer – maionezit.
And three sausages with mustard. სა-ი -ე-წ-არი სოსი-- მდო--ით. ს___ შ_______ ს_____ მ_______ ს-მ- შ-მ-ვ-რ- ს-ს-ს- მ-ო-ვ-თ- ----------------------------- სამი შემწვარი სოსისი მდოგვით. 0
s--i s-e-ts'v--i---sis- -d-gv--. s___ s__________ s_____ m_______ s-m- s-e-t-'-a-i s-s-s- m-o-v-t- -------------------------------- sami shemts'vari sosisi mdogvit.
What vegetables do you have? რ--ბ-სტნ-ულ- --ქ-თ? რ_ ბ________ გ_____ რ- ბ-ს-ნ-უ-ი გ-ქ-თ- ------------------- რა ბოსტნეული გაქვთ? 0
r- -os-'-eu---g-k--? r_ b_________ g_____ r- b-s-'-e-l- g-k-t- -------------------- ra bost'neuli gakvt?
Do you have beans? ლ--იო-ხო--------ვთ? ლ____ ხ__ ა_ გ_____ ლ-ბ-ო ხ-მ ა- გ-ქ-თ- ------------------- ლობიო ხომ არ გაქვთ? 0
l--io -h----r gakv-? l____ k___ a_ g_____ l-b-o k-o- a- g-k-t- -------------------- lobio khom ar gakvt?
Do you have cauliflower? ყვ---ლოვ-ნი-კო-ბო-ტო-ხო- -რ--ა-ვ-? ყ__________ კ_______ ხ__ ა_ გ_____ ყ-ა-ი-ო-ა-ი კ-მ-ო-ტ- ხ-მ ა- გ-ქ-თ- ---------------------------------- ყვავილოვანი კომბოსტო ხომ არ გაქვთ? 0
q-av--ovani--'-m-o---o-------- -----? q__________ k_________ k___ a_ g_____ q-a-i-o-a-i k-o-b-s-'- k-o- a- g-k-t- ------------------------------------- qvavilovani k'ombost'o khom ar gakvt?
I like to eat (sweet) corn. მი--ა-ს ----ნ-ი. მ______ ს_______ მ-ყ-ა-ს ს-მ-ნ-ი- ---------------- მიყვარს სიმინდი. 0
m--var- s----d-. m______ s_______ m-q-a-s s-m-n-i- ---------------- miqvars simindi.
I like to eat cucumber. მ--ვ--ს --ტ--. მ______ კ_____ მ-ყ-ა-ს კ-ტ-ი- -------------- მიყვარს კიტრი. 0
mi-v--s ---t'r-. m______ k_______ m-q-a-s k-i-'-i- ---------------- miqvars k'it'ri.
I like to eat tomatoes. მიყვ------მ-დორი. მ______ პ________ მ-ყ-ა-ს პ-მ-დ-რ-. ----------------- მიყვარს პომიდორი. 0
m-qvars -'omi-o-i. m______ p_________ m-q-a-s p-o-i-o-i- ------------------ miqvars p'omidori.
Do you also like to eat leek? პრ--იც-გი----თ? პ_____ გ_______ პ-ა-ი- გ-ყ-ა-თ- --------------- პრასიც გიყვართ? 0
p---s-t--giq-art? p_______ g_______ p-r-s-t- g-q-a-t- ----------------- p'rasits giqvart?
Do you also like to eat sauerkraut? მ-ა---კ-მბ-სტ-ც გ-ყ-ა-თ? მ____ კ________ გ_______ მ-ა-ე კ-მ-ო-ტ-ც გ-ყ-ა-თ- ------------------------ მჟავე კომბოსტოც გიყვართ? 0
mzhave k---bos----s----vart? m_____ k___________ g_______ m-h-v- k-o-b-s-'-t- g-q-a-t- ---------------------------- mzhave k'ombost'ots giqvart?
Do you also like to eat lentils? ოსპიც-გ----რ-? ო____ გ_______ ო-პ-ც გ-ყ-ა-თ- -------------- ოსპიც გიყვართ? 0
o-p'it- -iq-ar-? o______ g_______ o-p-i-s g-q-a-t- ---------------- osp'its giqvart?
Do you also like to eat carrots? სტა-ი-ო---ი----ს? ს_______ გ_______ ს-ა-ი-ო- გ-ყ-ა-ს- ----------------- სტაფილოც გიყვარს? 0
st'--il--- -i-v---? s_________ g_______ s-'-p-l-t- g-q-a-s- ------------------- st'apilots giqvars?
Do you also like to eat broccoli? ბ--კო--ც გ-ყ----? ბ_______ გ_______ ბ-ო-ო-ი- გ-ყ-ა-ს- ----------------- ბროკოლიც გიყვარს? 0
br----lit- giq--rs? b_________ g_______ b-o-'-l-t- g-q-a-s- ------------------- brok'olits giqvars?
Do you also like to eat peppers? წი--კაც გიყვ---? წ______ გ_______ წ-წ-კ-ც გ-ყ-ა-ს- ---------------- წიწაკაც გიყვარს? 0
ts-it-'-k--t- gi-v-r-? t____________ g_______ t-'-t-'-k-a-s g-q-a-s- ---------------------- ts'its'ak'ats giqvars?
I don’t like onions. არ---ყ-ა-ს--ახვი. ა_ მ______ ხ_____ ა- მ-ყ-ა-ს ხ-ხ-ი- ----------------- არ მიყვარს ხახვი. 0
a---iqvars -h-kh--. a_ m______ k_______ a- m-q-a-s k-a-h-i- ------------------- ar miqvars khakhvi.
I don’t like olives. არ მ-ყვ--- ---------. ა_ მ______ ზ_________ ა- მ-ყ-ა-ს ზ-თ-ს-ი-ი- --------------------- არ მიყვარს ზეთისხილი. 0
a--m---ars --ti-k-ili. a_ m______ z__________ a- m-q-a-s z-t-s-h-l-. ---------------------- ar miqvars zetiskhili.
I don’t like mushrooms. ა--მი-ვ--- -ო--. ა_ მ______ ს____ ა- მ-ყ-ა-ს ს-კ-. ---------------- არ მიყვარს სოკო. 0
a---iqv-r-----'-. a_ m______ s_____ a- m-q-a-s s-k-o- ----------------- ar miqvars sok'o.

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Tonal Languages

Most of all the languages spoken worldwide are tonal languages. With tonal languages, the pitch of the tones is crucial. They determine what meaning words or syllables have. Thus, the tone belongs firmly to the word. Most of the languages spoken in Asia are tonal languages. For example, Chinese, Thai and Vietnamese. There are also various tonal languages in Africa. Many indigenous languages in America are tonal languages as well. Indo-European languages mostly contain only tonal elements. This applies to Swedish or Serbian, for example. The number of tone pitches is varied in individual languages. Four different tones are distinguishable in Chinese. With this, the syllable ma can have four meanings. They are mother, hemp, horse and to rant . Interestingly, tonal languages also impact our hearing. Studies on absolute hearing have shown this. Absolute hearing is the ability to identify heard tones accurately. Absolute hearing occurs very rarely in Europe and North America. Fewer than 1 in 10,000 people have it. It's different with native speakers of Chinese. Here, 9 times as many people have this special ability. We all had absolute hearing when we were infants. We used it to learn to speak correctly. Unfortunately, most people lose it later on. The pitch of tones is also important in music. This is especially true for cultures that speak a tonal language. They must adhere to the melody very precisely. Otherwise a beautiful love song comes out as an absurd song!
Did you know?
Punjabi is counted among the Indo-Iranian languages. It is spoken natively by 130 million people. The majority of those people live in Pakistan. However, it is also spoken in the Indian state of Punjab. Punjabi is hardly ever used as a written language in Pakistan. It is different in India because there the language holds an official status. Punjabi is written in its own script. It also has a very long literary tradition. Texts have been found that are almost 1000 years old. Punjabi is also very interesting from a phonological point of view. This is because it is a tonal language. In tonal languages, the pitch of the accented syllable changes their meaning. In Punjabi, the accented syllable can take on three different pitches. That is very unusual for Indo-European languages. That makes Punjabi that much more appealing!