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5 [five]

Countries and Languages

Countries and Languages

‫5 [پانچ]‬

paanch

‫ممالک اور زبانیں‬

[mumalik aur zubanain]

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John is from London. ‫-و----دن ک-----ے --لا ہے-‬ ‫___ ل___ ک_ ر___ و___ ہ___ ‫-و- ل-د- ک- ر-ن- و-ل- ہ--- --------------------------- ‫جون لندن کا رہنے والا ہے-‬ 0
Jun- --nd-n k- re-ne --la h-i - J___ L_____ k_ r____ w___ h__ - J-n- L-n-o- k- r-h-e w-l- h-i - ------------------------------- June London ka rehne wala hai -
London is in Great Britain. ‫--د------ن-- می- -ے-‬ ‫____ ب______ م__ ہ___ ‫-ن-ن ب-ط-ن-ہ م-ں ہ--- ---------------------- ‫لندن برطانیہ میں ہے-‬ 0
Lo--on-Bar-ani- -e-- -a--- L_____ B_______ m___ h__ - L-n-o- B-r-a-i- m-i- h-i - -------------------------- London Bartania mein hai -
He speaks English. ‫-ہ -ن--ی-ی-ب-لت--ہ--‬ ‫__ ا______ ب____ ہ___ ‫-ہ ا-گ-ی-ی ب-ل-ا ہ--- ---------------------- ‫وہ انگریزی بولتا ہے-‬ 0
woh -ng---i bo--a--h-i-- w__ a______ b_____ h__ - w-h a-g-e-i b-l-a- h-i - ------------------------ woh angrezi boltaa hai -
Maria is from Madrid. ‫م---ہ-میڈرڈ ---رہنے--ال- -ے-‬ ‫_____ م____ ک_ ر___ و___ ہ___ ‫-ا-ی- م-ڈ-ڈ ک- ر-ن- و-ل- ہ--- ------------------------------ ‫ماریہ میڈرڈ کی رہنے والی ہے-‬ 0
mari-----r--k----h-- -ali --- - m____ m____ k_ r____ w___ h__ - m-r-a m-d-d k- r-h-e w-l- h-i - ------------------------------- maria midrd ki rehne wali hai -
Madrid is in Spain. ‫م--ر- ا-پی---ی--ہ--‬ ‫_____ ا____ م__ ہ___ ‫-ی-ر- ا-پ-ن م-ں ہ--- --------------------- ‫میڈرڈ اسپین میں ہے-‬ 0
m--rd----i----i- --i - m____ s____ m___ h__ - m-d-d s-a-n m-i- h-i - ---------------------- midrd spain mein hai -
She speaks Spanish. ‫وہ--سپی---- -س--نو--ب-لت-----‬ ‫__ ا_____ / ہ______ ب____ ہ___ ‫-ہ ا-پ-ن- / ہ-پ-ن-ی ب-ل-ی ہ--- ------------------------------- ‫وہ اسپینش / ہسپانوی بولتی ہے-‬ 0
w----p----h-bol-i hai-- w__ S______ b____ h__ - w-h S-e-i-h b-l-i h-i - ----------------------- woh Spenish bolti hai -
Peter and Martha are from Berlin. ‫-یٹ--اور----تھا---لن -ے-رہ-ے ---ے ہ-ں-‬ ‫____ ا__ م_____ ب___ ک_ ر___ و___ ہ____ ‫-ی-ر ا-ر م-ر-ھ- ب-ل- ک- ر-ن- و-ل- ہ-ں-‬ ---------------------------------------- ‫پیٹر اور مارتھا برلن کے رہنے والے ہیں-‬ 0
pi-r-aur---------er-i--k---eh-- wal-y----- p___ a__ m_____ B_____ k_ r____ w____ h___ p-t- a-r m-r-h- B-r-i- k- r-h-e w-l-y h-n- ------------------------------------------ pitr aur martha Berlin ke rehne walay hin-
Berlin is in Germany. ‫ب-ل--جرم-ی م------‬ ‫____ ج____ م__ ہ___ ‫-ر-ن ج-م-ی م-ں ہ--- -------------------- ‫برلن جرمنی میں ہے-‬ 0
Be---n Germany m-i----i-- B_____ G______ m___ h__ - B-r-i- G-r-a-y m-i- h-i - ------------------------- Berlin Germany mein hai -
Do both of you speak German? ‫ک-ا-ت----نوں ---ن----ت- ہ--‬ ‫___ ت_ د____ ج___ ب____ ہ___ ‫-ی- ت- د-ن-ں ج-م- ب-ل-ے ہ-؟- ----------------------------- ‫کیا تم دونوں جرمن بولتے ہو؟‬ 0
ky--tu- -----ger--n b--ta--h-? k__ t__ d___ g_____ b_____ h__ k-a t-m d-n- g-r-a- b-l-a- h-? ------------------------------ kya tum dono german boltay ho?
London is a capital city. ‫لند--د-رلخلا-ہ--ے-‬ ‫____ د________ ہ___ ‫-ن-ن د-ر-خ-ا-ہ ہ--- -------------------- ‫لندن دارلخلافہ ہے-‬ 0
Lon--- -a-l--l--h hai - L_____ d_________ h__ - L-n-o- d-r-k-l-f- h-i - ----------------------- London darlkhlafh hai -
Madrid and Berlin are also capital cities. ‫می-رڈ-او- --ل- --- ---ل--افہ--ی--‬ ‫_____ ا__ ب___ ب__ د________ ہ____ ‫-ی-ر- ا-ر ب-ل- ب-ی د-ر-خ-ا-ہ ہ-ں-‬ ----------------------------------- ‫میڈرڈ اور برلن بھی دارلخلافہ ہیں-‬ 0
m-d----u- Be-li- b---da----l--- ---- m____ a__ B_____ b__ d_________ h___ m-d-d a-r B-r-i- b-i d-r-k-l-f- h-n- ------------------------------------ midrd aur Berlin bhi darlkhlafh hin-
Capital cities are big and noisy. ‫دارل-لا---بڑ- --ر ش----ہ-ہو-- --ں-‬ ‫_________ ب__ ا__ ش_____ ہ___ ہ____ ‫-ا-ل-ل-ف- ب-ے ا-ر ش-ر-د- ہ-ت- ہ-ں-‬ ------------------------------------ ‫دارلخلافہ بڑے اور شورزدہ ہوتے ہیں-‬ 0
d-rlkhlafh --rr---a-r-h---y -i-- d_________ b_____ a__ h____ h___ d-r-k-l-f- b-r-a- a-r h-t-y h-n- -------------------------------- darlkhlafh barray aur hotay hin-
France is in Europe. ‫ف--ن- یو-پ--ی--ہے-‬ ‫_____ ی___ م__ ہ___ ‫-ر-ن- ی-ر- م-ں ہ--- -------------------- ‫فرانس یورپ میں ہے-‬ 0
Fr-nc--Europ------------ F_____ E_____ m___ h__ - F-a-c- E-r-p- m-i- h-i - ------------------------ France Europe mein hai -
Egypt is in Africa. ‫م-- -----ہ م-ں ہے-‬ ‫___ ا_____ م__ ہ___ ‫-ص- ا-ر-ق- م-ں ہ--- -------------------- ‫مصر افریقہ میں ہے-‬ 0
m-sa- Afr-ca--e-n h-- - m____ A_____ m___ h__ - m-s-r A-r-c- m-i- h-i - ----------------------- misar Africa mein hai -
Japan is in Asia. ‫ج-پ-----ش-- می--ہے-‬ ‫_____ ا____ م__ ہ___ ‫-ا-ا- ا-ش-ا م-ں ہ--- --------------------- ‫جاپان ایشیا میں ہے-‬ 0
Japan a--a -ei--hai - J____ a___ m___ h__ - J-p-n a-i- m-i- h-i - --------------------- Japan asia mein hai -
Canada is in North America. ‫ک-ن--ا ش--ل-------- می---ے-‬ ‫______ ش____ ا_____ م__ ہ___ ‫-ی-ی-ا ش-ا-ی ا-ر-ک- م-ں ہ--- ----------------------------- ‫کینیڈا شمالی امریکا میں ہے-‬ 0
can-da shuma-----er----mei--hai-- c_____ s______ A______ m___ h__ - c-n-d- s-u-a-i A-e-i-a m-i- h-i - --------------------------------- canada shumali America mein hai -
Panama is in Central America. ‫پا-ا-ا سین----ام--ک- میں ---‬ ‫______ س_____ ا_____ م__ ہ___ ‫-ا-ا-ا س-ن-ر- ا-ر-ک- م-ں ہ--- ------------------------------ ‫پاناما سینٹرل امریکا میں ہے-‬ 0
p-n-ma ------l ------a--ein------ p_____ c______ A______ m___ h__ - p-n-m- c-n-r-l A-e-i-a m-i- h-i - --------------------------------- panama central America mein hai -
Brazil is in South America. ‫ب-از-ل جنو-ی-ام-ی-- میں ہے-‬ ‫______ ج____ ا_____ م__ ہ___ ‫-ر-ز-ل ج-و-ی ا-ر-ک- م-ں ہ--- ----------------------------- ‫برازیل جنوبی امریکا میں ہے-‬ 0
b-a----j--------m--i-- --i- h-i - b_____ j______ A______ m___ h__ - b-a-i- j-n-o-i A-e-i-a m-i- h-i - --------------------------------- brazil janoobi America mein hai -

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Languages and dialects

There are 6,000 to 7,000 different languages worldwide. The number of dialects is of course much higher. But what is the difference between language and dialect? Dialects always have a clearly localized tone. They belong to the regional language varieties. This means dialects are a language form with the narrowest reach. As a general rule, dialects are only spoken, not written. They form their own linguistic system. And they follow their own rules. Theoretically, every language can have several dialects. All dialects fall under the standard language of a country. The standard language is understood by all the people of a country. With it, even speakers of different dialects can communicate with each other. Almost all dialects are becoming less important. You hardly hear dialects being spoken in cities anymore. The standard language is usually spoken at work as well. Therefore, dialect speakers are often said to be simple and uneducated. And yet they can be found at all social levels. So dialect speakers are no less intelligent than others. Quite the opposite! Those who speak in dialect have many advantages. In a language course, for example. Dialect speakers know that there are different linguistic forms. And they have learned to switch quickly between linguistic styles. Therefore, dialect speakers possess a higher competence for variation. They can sense which linguistic style fits with a certain situation. This has even been scientifically proven. So: Have courage in using dialect – it's worth it!
Did you know?
Bulgarian is counted among the South Slavic languages. About 10 million people speak Bulgarian. The majority of those people, of course, live in Bulgaria. Bulgarian is spoken in other countries as well, however. Among those are Ukraine and Moldova. Bulgarian is one of the oldest documented Slavic languages. It has many specific features too. The similarity to Albanian and Romanian is striking. These languages are not Slavic languages. There are many parallels nevertheless. Therefore, all of these languages are also denoted as Balkan languages. They have a lot in common, although they are not related to each other. Bulgarian verbs can take on many forms. There is also no infinitive in Bulgarian. If you want to learn this interesting language you will soon discover many new things!