Phrasebook

em Big – small   »   uk Великий – малий

68 [sixty-eight]

Big – small

Big – small

68 [шістдесят вісім]

68 [shistdesyat visim]

Великий – малий

[Velykyy̆ – malyy̆]

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big and small Ве--кий-і-м-лий В______ і м____ В-л-к-й і м-л-й --------------- Великий і малий 0
V-ly-yy̆ i-ma-yy̆ V______ i m____ V-l-k-y- i m-l-y- ----------------- Velykyy̆ i malyy̆
The elephant is big. Сл-н -е-икий. С___ в_______ С-о- в-л-к-й- ------------- Слон великий. 0
S--n-ve--k-y-. S___ v_______ S-o- v-l-k-y-. -------------- Slon velykyy̆.
The mouse is small. Ми-а---ле-ь-а. М___ м________ М-ш- м-л-н-к-. -------------- Миша маленька. 0
Mysh---a-e----. M____ m________ M-s-a m-l-n-k-. --------------- Mysha malenʹka.
dark and bright Т-мни- і -с--й Т_____ і я____ Т-м-и- і я-н-й -------------- Темний і ясний 0
T--n-y̆-i ----yy̆ T_____ i y_____ T-m-y-̆ i y-s-y-̆ ----------------- Temnyy̆ i yasnyy̆
The night is dark. Ні- т-мна. Н__ т_____ Н-ч т-м-а- ---------- Ніч темна. 0
Ni-h--e---. N___ t_____ N-c- t-m-a- ----------- Nich temna.
The day is bright. Де-- -сни-. Д___ я_____ Д-н- я-н-й- ----------- День ясний. 0
D-nʹ yas--y̆. D___ y______ D-n- y-s-y-̆- ------------- Denʹ yasnyy̆.
old and young ст-ри--і-мо-о--й с_____ і м______ с-а-и- і м-л-д-й ---------------- старий і молодий 0
s-ar--̆-i -o-od--̆ s_____ i m______ s-a-y-̆ i m-l-d-y- ------------------ staryy̆ i molodyy̆
Our grandfather is very old. Наш-д---ду-- -тар-й. Н__ д__ д___ с______ Н-ш д-д д-ж- с-а-и-. -------------------- Наш дід дуже старий. 0
N--h---- -u--e s-aryy̆. N___ d__ d____ s______ N-s- d-d d-z-e s-a-y-̆- ----------------------- Nash did duzhe staryy̆.
70 years ago he was still young. 7- --кі------ -ін---в ще---л--ий. 7_ р____ т___ в__ б__ щ_ м_______ 7- р-к-в т-м- в-н б-в щ- м-л-д-й- --------------------------------- 70 років тому він був ще молодий. 0
70 ro--v----u -in-b-v--hch- mo--d-y-. 7_ r____ t___ v__ b__ s____ m_______ 7- r-k-v t-m- v-n b-v s-c-e m-l-d-y-. ------------------------------------- 70 rokiv tomu vin buv shche molodyy̆.
beautiful and ugly г-р-ий і---и-н-й г_____ і о______ г-р-и- і о-и-н-й ---------------- гарний і огидний 0
harn-y̆ i-ohydn--̆ h_____ i o______ h-r-y-̆ i o-y-n-y- ------------------ harnyy̆ i ohydnyy̆
The butterfly is beautiful. М--елик-га-ни-. М______ г______ М-т-л-к г-р-и-. --------------- Метелик гарний. 0
Met-l---ha---y̆. M______ h______ M-t-l-k h-r-y-̆- ---------------- Metelyk harnyy̆.
The spider is ugly. Па-----гидни-. П____ о_______ П-в-к о-и-н-й- -------------- Павук огидний. 0
P------h-d-y--. P____ o_______ P-v-k o-y-n-y-. --------------- Pavuk ohydnyy̆.
fat and thin тов-----і -удий т______ і х____ т-в-т-й і х-д-й --------------- товстий і худий 0
tov--yy̆---khudy-̆ t______ i k_____ t-v-t-y- i k-u-y-̆ ------------------ tovstyy̆ i khudyy̆
A woman who weighs a hundred kilos is fat. Жінк- в-го--100-кі--гр-м –----с--. Ж____ в____ 1__ к_______ – т______ Ж-н-а в-г-ю 1-0 к-л-г-а- – т-в-т-. ---------------------------------- Жінка вагою 100 кілограм – товста. 0
Zh-n-a--a-o---10--kilohr-----t--s-a. Z_____ v_____ 1__ k_______ – t______ Z-i-k- v-h-y- 1-0 k-l-h-a- – t-v-t-. ------------------------------------ Zhinka vahoyu 100 kilohram – tovsta.
A man who weighs fifty kilos is thin. Чо-о--к-ваг-- 5- --л--ра- - --ди-. Ч______ в____ 5_ к_______ – х_____ Ч-л-в-к в-г-ю 5- к-л-г-а- – х-д-й- ---------------------------------- Чоловік вагою 50 кілограм – худий. 0
C-o---i- -a---------i-o---m –-k--dyy̆. C_______ v_____ 5_ k_______ – k______ C-o-o-i- v-h-y- 5- k-l-h-a- – k-u-y-̆- -------------------------------------- Cholovik vahoyu 50 kilohram – khudyy̆.
expensive and cheap Дорог-й-- дешевий Д______ і д______ Д-р-г-й і д-ш-в-й ----------------- Дорогий і дешевий 0
Dor---y- - d-she--y̆ D______ i d_______ D-r-h-y- i d-s-e-y-̆ -------------------- Dorohyy̆ i deshevyy̆
The car is expensive. А-то-о-----д---ги-. А_________ д_______ А-т-м-б-л- д-р-г-й- ------------------- Автомобіль дорогий. 0
A-t-m-b--- -o-ohyy-. A_________ d_______ A-t-m-b-l- d-r-h-y-. -------------------- Avtomobilʹ dorohyy̆.
The newspaper is cheap. Г-зе-а де----. Г_____ д______ Г-з-т- д-ш-в-. -------------- Газета дешева. 0
Ha--t--d-she--. H_____ d_______ H-z-t- d-s-e-a- --------------- Hazeta desheva.

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Code-switching

More and more people are growing up bilingual. They can speak more than one language. Many of these people often switch languages. They decide which language to use depending on the situation. For example, they speak a different language at work than at home. By doing so, they adapt themselves to their environment. But there is also the possibility of switching languages spontaneously. This phenomenon is called code-switching . In code-switching, the language gets switched in the middle of speaking. There could be many reasons why speakers switch languages. Often, they don't find the appropriate word in one language. They can express themselves better in the other language. It can also be that the speaker feels more confident in one of the languages. They use this language for private or personal things. Sometimes a certain word doesn't exist in a language. In this case the speaker must switch languages. Or they switch languages so that they aren't understood. In that case code-switching works like a secret language. Earlier, mixing languages was criticized. It was thought that the speaker couldn't speak either language correctly. Today it is viewed differently. Code-switching is recognized as a special linguistic competence. It can be interesting to observe speakers using code-switching. Often, they don't just switch the language they're speaking. Other communicative elements change as well. Many speak faster, louder or more accentuated in the other language. Or they suddenly use more gestures and facial expressions. In this way, code-switching is always a little bit of culture-switching too…