Phrasebook

em At the restaurant 1   »   uk В ресторані 1

29 [twenty-nine]

At the restaurant 1

At the restaurant 1

29 [двадцять дев’ять]

29 [dvadtsyatʹ devʺyatʹ]

В ресторані 1

[V restorani 1]

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Is this table taken? Чи-ц-й-с--л -іл---й? Ч_ ц__ с___ в_______ Ч- ц-й с-і- в-л-н-й- -------------------- Чи цей стіл вільний? 0
Chy tse-̆--t---------y-? C__ t___ s___ v_______ C-y t-e-̆ s-i- v-l-n-y-? ------------------------ Chy tsey̆ stil vilʹnyy̆?
I would like the menu, please. Я-х--ів-би - хоті-- б м-ню---у-ь---ска. Я х____ б_ / х_____ б м____ б__________ Я х-т-в б- / х-т-л- б м-н-, б-д---а-к-. --------------------------------------- Я хотів би / хотіла б меню, будь-ласка. 0
Y- kho-i---y----h-t--a-- me--u,-bu-ʹ-las-a. Y_ k_____ b_ / k______ b m_____ b__________ Y- k-o-i- b- / k-o-i-a b m-n-u- b-d---a-k-. ------------------------------------------- YA khotiv by / khotila b menyu, budʹ-laska.
What would you recommend? Щ--В-----е-е-пор-ди--? Щ_ В_ м_____ п________ Щ- В- м-ж-т- п-р-д-т-? ---------------------- Що Ви можете порадити? 0
S--h- Vy ------e----ad---? S____ V_ m______ p________ S-c-o V- m-z-e-e p-r-d-t-? -------------------------- Shcho Vy mozhete poradyty?
I’d like a beer. Я-б --пи--/-ви--л--пиво. Я б в____ / в_____ п____ Я б в-п-в / в-п-л- п-в-. ------------------------ Я б випив / випила пиво. 0
YA----ypy--- --pyla-p-v-. Y_ b v____ / v_____ p____ Y- b v-p-v / v-p-l- p-v-. ------------------------- YA b vypyv / vypyla pyvo.
I’d like a mineral water. Я б випив /--ипила мі--рал-н- воду. Я б в____ / в_____ м_________ в____ Я б в-п-в / в-п-л- м-н-р-л-н- в-д-. ----------------------------------- Я б випив / випила мінеральну воду. 0
Y--- ---y- - vy--l- ----r-l--u----u. Y_ b v____ / v_____ m_________ v____ Y- b v-p-v / v-p-l- m-n-r-l-n- v-d-. ------------------------------------ YA b vypyv / vypyla mineralʹnu vodu.
I’d like an orange juice. Я -----ив-/--ип--а п--аран---и-----. Я б в____ / в_____ п___________ с___ Я б в-п-в / в-п-л- п-м-р-н-е-и- с-к- ------------------------------------ Я б випив / випила помаранчевий сік. 0
YA-- v--y--/ vy--la---m-ran-h-v--̆ si-. Y_ b v____ / v_____ p____________ s___ Y- b v-p-v / v-p-l- p-m-r-n-h-v-y- s-k- --------------------------------------- YA b vypyv / vypyla pomaranchevyy̆ sik.
I’d like a coffee. Я - в-пи--/ в----а -аву. Я б в____ / в_____ к____ Я б в-п-в / в-п-л- к-в-. ------------------------ Я б випив / випила каву. 0
YA --v-py- ----p-l- k-vu. Y_ b v____ / v_____ k____ Y- b v-p-v / v-p-l- k-v-. ------------------------- YA b vypyv / vypyla kavu.
I’d like a coffee with milk. Я-б-в--ив --в--ил--ка---з молоко-. Я б в____ / в_____ к___ з м_______ Я б в-п-в / в-п-л- к-в- з м-л-к-м- ---------------------------------- Я б випив / випила каву з молоком. 0
YA------y- / --p-la --vu-- mo--k-m. Y_ b v____ / v_____ k___ z m_______ Y- b v-p-v / v-p-l- k-v- z m-l-k-m- ----------------------------------- YA b vypyv / vypyla kavu z molokom.
With sugar, please. З ц--р-м--бу------ка. З ц______ б__________ З ц-к-о-, б-д---а-к-. --------------------- З цукром, будь-ласка. 0
Z-tsu-ro---budʹ-laska. Z t_______ b__________ Z t-u-r-m- b-d---a-k-. ---------------------- Z tsukrom, budʹ-laska.
I’d like a tea. Я-х--- ча-. Я х___ ч___ Я х-ч- ч-ю- ----------- Я хочу чаю. 0
Y--kh-chu --ay-. Y_ k_____ c_____ Y- k-o-h- c-a-u- ---------------- YA khochu chayu.
I’d like a tea with lemon. Я ---у-ч-- ------н-м. Я х___ ч__ з л_______ Я х-ч- ч-ю з л-м-н-м- --------------------- Я хочу чаю з лимоном. 0
Y- khoc-- ---yu-z ly-on--. Y_ k_____ c____ z l_______ Y- k-o-h- c-a-u z l-m-n-m- -------------------------- YA khochu chayu z lymonom.
I’d like a tea with milk. Я хоч--чаю - --ло-о-. Я х___ ч__ з м_______ Я х-ч- ч-ю з м-л-к-м- --------------------- Я хочу чаю з молоком. 0
Y- -h---u -hayu-----lo---. Y_ k_____ c____ z m_______ Y- k-o-h- c-a-u z m-l-k-m- -------------------------- YA khochu chayu z molokom.
Do you have cigarettes? Ви м------и-ар--? В_ м____ ц_______ В- м-є-е ц-г-р-и- ----------------- Ви маєте цигарки? 0
V---ay-t--t----r--? V_ m_____ t________ V- m-y-t- t-y-a-k-? ------------------- Vy mayete tsyharky?
Do you have an ashtray? Ви м--те ---і---и--у? В_ м____ п___________ В- м-є-е п-п-л-н-ч-у- --------------------- Ви маєте попільничку? 0
V----ye-- po-i--n-c---? V_ m_____ p____________ V- m-y-t- p-p-l-n-c-k-? ----------------------- Vy mayete popilʹnychku?
Do you have a light? Має-е -ап-л-н-чку? М____ з___________ М-є-е з-п-л-н-ч-у- ------------------ Маєте запальничку? 0
Ma---e z-palʹn-----? M_____ z____________ M-y-t- z-p-l-n-c-k-? -------------------- Mayete zapalʹnychku?
I’m missing a fork. Я -е--аю-ви-е---. Я н_ м__ в_______ Я н- м-ю в-д-л-и- ----------------- Я не маю виделки. 0
YA n-----u--y--l--. Y_ n_ m___ v_______ Y- n- m-y- v-d-l-y- ------------------- YA ne mayu vydelky.
I’m missing a knife. Я-н- --ю--о-а. Я н_ м__ н____ Я н- м-ю н-ж-. -------------- Я не маю ножа. 0
YA n- --y- -----. Y_ n_ m___ n_____ Y- n- m-y- n-z-a- ----------------- YA ne mayu nozha.
I’m missing a spoon. Я-н- -а------и. Я н_ м__ л_____ Я н- м-ю л-ж-и- --------------- Я не маю ложки. 0
Y- ne--ayu l-zh-y. Y_ n_ m___ l______ Y- n- m-y- l-z-k-. ------------------ YA ne mayu lozhky.

Grammar prevents lies!

Every language has particular features. But some also have characteristics that are unique worldwide. Among these languages is Trio. Trio is a Native American language in South America. Around 2,000 people in Brazil and Suriname speak it. What makes Trio special is its grammar. Because it forces its speakers to always tell the truth. The so-called frustrative ending is responsible for this. This ending is added to verbs in Trio. It indicates how true a sentence is. A simple example explains how exactly it works. Let's take the sentence The child went to school. In Trio, the speaker has to add a certain ending onto the verb. Through the ending he is able to communicate whether he saw the child himself. But he can also express that he only knows it from speaking to others. Or he says through the ending that he knows it's a lie. So the speaker has to commit to what he is saying. Meaning, he must communicate how true a statement is. In this way he cannot keep anything a secret or sugarcoat anything. If a Trio speaker leaves the ending off, he is deemed a liar. In Suriname the official language is Dutch. Translations from Dutch into Trio are often problematic. Because most languages are much less precise. They make it possible for the speakers to be vague. Therefore, interpreters don't always commit to what they are saying. The communication with Trio speakers is thereby difficult. Perhaps the frustrative ending would be helpful in other languages too!? Not only in the language of politics…
Did you know?
Macedonian is the native language of around 2 million people. It is counted among the South Slavic languages. It is most closely related to Bulgarian. Speakers of both languages can communicate with each other easily. The two languages differ from each other more in their written forms. There have always been many different ethnic groups in Macedonia. Naturally, this is also apparent in the vernacular. It has been influenced by numerous other languages. The neighboring country of Serbia has especially influenced the Macedonian language. The vocabulary contains many terms from Russian, Turkish, and English. Such linguistic variety does not exist in many countries. That is why it has been difficult for Macedonian to establish itself as its own language. Macedonian literature has especially suffered from this situation. Macedonian is now considered an established standard language. For this reason, it is an important part of the Macedonian identity.