Phrasebook

em Past tense 4   »   fa ‫ زمان گذشته 4‬

84 [eighty-four]

Past tense 4

Past tense 4

‫84 [هشتاد و چهار]‬

84 [hashtâd-o-cha-hâr]

‫ زمان گذشته 4‬

[zamâne gozashte 4]

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to read ‫-واندن‬ ‫_______ ‫-و-ن-ن- -------- ‫خواندن‬ 0
kh-n--n k______ k-â-d-n ------- khândan
I read. ‫-ن-خ---د- ا-.‬ ‫__ خ_____ ا___ ‫-ن خ-ا-د- ا-.- --------------- ‫من خوانده ام.‬ 0
man--h-nde--m. m__ k_________ m-n k-â-d---m- -------------- man khânde-am.
I read the whole novel. ‫م-------رمان ر---وانده---.‬ ‫__ ت___ ر___ ر_ خ_____ ا___ ‫-ن ت-ا- ر-ا- ر- خ-ا-د- ا-.- ---------------------------- ‫من تمام رمان را خوانده ام.‬ 0
m---t-m--e -om-- ------n-e-am. m__ t_____ r____ r_ k_________ m-n t-m-m- r-m-n r- k-â-d---m- ------------------------------ man tamâme român râ khânde-am.
to understand ‫ف-م--ن‬ ‫_______ ‫-ه-ی-ن- -------- ‫فهمیدن‬ 0
f----dan f_______ f-h-i-a- -------- fahmidan
I understood. ‫---ف--ید----.‬ ‫__ ف_____ ا___ ‫-ن ف-م-د- ا-.- --------------- ‫من فهمیده ام.‬ 0
m-n -a--ide-a-. m__ f__________ m-n f-h-i-e-a-. --------------- man fahmide-am.
I understood the whole text. ‫من-تمام م-- ر- فه--ده ا---هم----‬ ‫__ ت___ م__ ر_ ف_____ ا__________ ‫-ن ت-ا- م-ن ر- ف-م-د- ا-/-ه-ی-م-‬ ---------------------------------- ‫من تمام متن را فهمیده ام/فهمیدم.‬ 0
ma- ----me --tn ----ah--d---m. m__ t_____ m___ r_ f__________ m-n t-m-m- m-t- r- f-h-i-e-a-. ------------------------------ man tamâme matn râ fahmide-am.
to answer ‫پ--- -ا--‬ ‫____ د____ ‫-ا-خ د-د-‬ ----------- ‫پاسخ دادن‬ 0
p-sok- -âd-n p_____ d____ p-s-k- d-d-n ------------ pâsokh dâdan
I answered. ‫م- ---- د--ه ا-.‬ ‫__ پ___ د___ ا___ ‫-ن پ-س- د-د- ا-.- ------------------ ‫من پاسخ داده ام.‬ 0
m-- pâs-kh d----am. m__ p_____ d_______ m-n p-s-k- d-d---m- ------------------- man pâsokh dâde-am.
I answered all the questions. ‫م- -ه تما-ی-س--لات--ا-خ---د- ام-‬ ‫__ ب_ ت__________ پ___ د___ ا___ ‫-ن ب- ت-ا-ی-س-ا-ا- پ-س- د-د- ا-.- ---------------------------------- ‫من به تمامی‌سوالات پاسخ داده ام.‬ 0
ma- b--tamâm---e ----â--pâso-h---de-a-. m__ b_ t________ s_____ p_____ d_______ m-n b- t-m-m---e s-â-â- p-s-k- d-d---m- --------------------------------------- man be tamâmi-ye soâlât pâsokh dâde-am.
I know that – I knew that. ‫م--آ- ر-----دانم-– -- -- -ا---‌---س-م.‬ ‫__ آ_ ر_ م_____ – م_ آ_ ر_ م_________ ‫-ن آ- ر- م-‌-ا-م – م- آ- ر- م-‌-ا-س-م-‬ ---------------------------------------- ‫من آن را می‌دانم – من آن را می‌دانستم.‬ 0
man -- râ ---â-a- --man--n r- --dâne-t--. m__ â_ r_ m______ - m__ â_ r_ m__________ m-n â- r- m-d-n-m - m-n â- r- m-d-n-s-a-. ----------------------------------------- man ân râ midânam - man ân râ midânestam.
I write that – I wrote that. ‫-- آن-ر--م--نویسم-–--ن ---را --ش-ه -م.‬ ‫__ آ_ ر_ م______ – م_ آ_ ر_ ن____ ا___ ‫-ن آ- ر- م-‌-و-س- – م- آ- ر- ن-ش-ه ا-.- ---------------------------------------- ‫من آن را می‌نویسم – من آن را نوشته ام.‬ 0
m-- ân--â minev-s-m ----n----r- ne-es----am. m__ â_ r_ m________ - m__ â_ r_ n___________ m-n â- r- m-n-v-s-m - m-n â- r- n-v-s-t---m- -------------------------------------------- man ân râ minevisam - man ân râ neveshte-am.
I hear that – I heard that. ‫م------ا--ی‌-ن-- – م- آ---ا ش-یده --.‬ ‫__ آ_ ر_ م_____ – م_ آ_ ر_ ش____ ا___ ‫-ن آ- ر- م-‌-ن-م – م- آ- ر- ش-ی-ه ا-.- --------------------------------------- ‫من آن را می‌شنوم – من آن را شنیده ام.‬ 0
man -n -â mi-he--v-- --m-n-ân râ-s-en-de---. m__ â_ r_ m_________ - m__ â_ r_ s__________ m-n â- r- m-s-e-a-a- - m-n â- r- s-e-i-e-a-. -------------------------------------------- man ân râ mishenavam - man ân râ shenide-am.
I’ll get it – I got it. ‫-ن آن-را -ی‌---- ------ن ر- -رفته-ام.‬ ‫__ آ_ ر_ م_____ – م_ آ_ ر_ گ____ ا___ ‫-ن آ- ر- م-‌-ی-م – م- آ- ر- گ-ف-ه ا-.- --------------------------------------- ‫من آن را می‌گیرم – من آن را گرفته ام.‬ 0
man--n-râ-m-gi--- ---a- ân-râ-ge---te-am. m__ â_ r_ m______ - m__ â_ r_ g__________ m-n â- r- m-g-r-m - m-n â- r- g-r-f-e-a-. ----------------------------------------- man ân râ migiram - man ân râ gerefte-am.
I’ll bring that – I brought that. ‫-- آ- را-م---ور-------------آور-- -م.‬ ‫__ آ_ ر_ م_____ – م_ آ_ ر_ آ____ ا___ ‫-ن آ- ر- م-‌-و-م – م- آ- ر- آ-ر-ه ا-.- --------------------------------------- ‫من آن را می‌آورم – من آن را آورده ام.‬ 0
m---â---â-m----a-a- - -a- -n -â---a----am. m__ â_ r_ m________ - m__ â_ r_ â_________ m-n â- r- m---v-r-m - m-n â- r- â-a-d---m- ------------------------------------------ man ân râ mi-âvaram - man ân râ âvarde-am.
I’ll buy that – I bought that. ‫م- -- -ا م---ر- – -- ----- خر-د- ا--‬ ‫__ آ_ ر_ م____ – م_ آ_ ر_ خ____ ا___ ‫-ن آ- ر- م-‌-ر- – م- آ- ر- خ-ی-ه ا-.- -------------------------------------- ‫من آن را می‌خرم – من آن را خریده ام.‬ 0
m-n----r- m-----ra----m-n--n--â --a-i-e--m. m__ â_ r_ m________ - m__ â_ r_ k__________ m-n â- r- m---h-r-m - m-n â- r- k-a-i-e-a-. ------------------------------------------- man ân râ mi-kharam - man ân râ kharide-am.
I expect that – I expected that. ‫-ن ---ظر--ن --تم-– -----تظر--ن بوده ام.‬ ‫__ م____ آ_ ه___ – م_ م____ آ_ ب___ ا___ ‫-ن م-ت-ر آ- ه-ت- – م- م-ت-ر آ- ب-د- ا-.- ----------------------------------------- ‫من منتظر آن هستم – من منتظر آن بوده ام.‬ 0
m-n--o-ta---e--- -as-a- - -a-----t--ere ân -ud----. m__ m________ â_ h_____ - m__ m________ â_ b_______ m-n m-n-a-e-e â- h-s-a- - m-n m-n-a-e-e â- b-d---m- --------------------------------------------------- man montazere ân hastam - man montazere ân bude-am.
I’ll explain that – I explained that. ‫-- -- را-ت-ض-- می---- –--ن آن ر- ---ی- د-د- ا-.‬ ‫__ آ_ ر_ ت____ م____ – م_ آ_ ر_ ت____ د___ ا___ ‫-ن آ- ر- ت-ض-ح م-‌-ه- – م- آ- ر- ت-ض-ح د-د- ا-.- ------------------------------------------------- ‫من آن را توضیح می‌دهم – من آن را توضیح داده ام.‬ 0
m-n-ân -â-t-z---midaha-----a- â- râ-to--h -âd--am. m__ â_ r_ t____ m______ - m__ â_ r_ t____ d_______ m-n â- r- t-z-h m-d-h-m - m-n â- r- t-z-h d-d---m- -------------------------------------------------- man ân râ tozih midaham - man ân râ tozih dâde-am.
I know that – I knew that. ‫م- ---ر--م--------–--ن-آ---ا-م---نا-تم.‬ ‫__ آ_ ر_ م______ – م_ آ_ ر_ م_________ ‫-ن آ- ر- م-‌-ن-س- – م- آ- ر- م-‌-ن-خ-م-‬ ----------------------------------------- ‫من آن را می‌شناسم – من آن را می‌شناختم.‬ 0
m-n -- râ -i-h--â--- - man--- r--s----kh----m. m__ â_ r_ m_________ - m__ â_ r_ s____________ m-n â- r- m-s-e-â-a- - m-n â- r- s-e-â-h-e-a-. ---------------------------------------------- man ân râ mishenâsam - man ân râ shenâkhte-am.

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Negative words aren't translated into the native language

When reading, multilinguals translate subconsciously into their native language. This happens automatically; that is, the readers do it without realizing. It could be said that the brain functions like a simultaneous translator. But it doesn't translate everything! One study has shown that the brain has a built-in filter. This filter decides what gets translated. And it appears that the filter ignores certain words. Negative words aren't translated into the native language. Researchers selected native speakers of Chinese for their experiment. All test subjects spoke English as their second language. The test subjects had to rate various English words. These words had different emotional content. There were positive, negative and neutral terms. While the test subjects read the words, their brains were examined. That is, the researchers measured the electrical brain activity. In doing so, they could see how the brain worked. Certain signals are generated during the translation of words. They indicate that the brain is active. However, the test subjects showed no activity with the negative words. Only the positive or neutral terms were translated. Researchers don't yet know why this is. Theoretically, the brain has to process all words the same. It could be, however, that the filter quickly examines each word. It is analyzed while still being read in the second language. If a word is negative, the memory is blocked. In other words, it can't think of the word in the native language. People can react very sensitively to words. Perhaps the brain wants to protect them from emotional shock…