Phrasebook

em At the train station   »   ad Вокзалым

33 [thirty-three]

At the train station

At the train station

33 [щэкIырэ щырэ]

33 [shhjekIyrje shhyrje]

Вокзалым

[Vokzalym]

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When is the next train to Berlin? Сыд----- --I-кIы-ты- къы-Iэл-ы--о----э-Iо-оу Б-рлин ------? С_______ з__________ к_____________ м_______ Б_____ к______ С-д-г-у- з-I-к-ы-т-р к-ы-I-л-ы-I-р- м-ш-о-о- Б-р-и- к-о-э-? ----------------------------------------------------------- Сыдигъуа зыIукIыщтыр къыкIэлъыкIорэ мэшIокоу Берлин кIорэр? 0
Sy-i-ua--yIukI---h-y- k-k--el---o----m--s-Iok----e---n-kIor---? S______ z____________ k_____________ m_________ B_____ k_______ S-d-g-a z-I-k-y-h-t-r k-k-j-l-k-o-j- m-e-h-o-o- B-r-i- k-o-j-r- --------------------------------------------------------------- Sydigua zyIukIyshhtyr kykIjelykIorje mjeshIokou Berlin kIorjer?
When is the next train to Paris? Сы-и-----зыI--Iы-----къ----лъ--I----м------- Пар-ж----рэр? С_______ з__________ к_____________ м_______ П____ к______ С-д-г-у- з-I-к-ы-т-р к-ы-I-л-ы-I-р- м-ш-о-о- П-р-ж к-о-э-? ---------------------------------------------------------- Сыдигъуа зыIукIыщтыр къыкIэлъыкIорэ мэшIокоу Париж кIорэр? 0
Sydigua ---uk----htyr k--Ijel-kIo--- --e-hI--ou ---iz--k--rje-? S______ z____________ k_____________ m_________ P_____ k_______ S-d-g-a z-I-k-y-h-t-r k-k-j-l-k-o-j- m-e-h-o-o- P-r-z- k-o-j-r- --------------------------------------------------------------- Sydigua zyIukIyshhtyr kykIjelykIorje mjeshIokou Parizh kIorjer?
When is the next train to London? Сы-игъу- --IукIыщт-р -ъыкI-----Iо-э м----ко- ---д-- кIо---? С_______ з__________ к_____________ м_______ Л_____ к______ С-д-г-у- з-I-к-ы-т-р к-ы-I-л-ы-I-р- м-ш-о-о- Л-н-о- к-о-э-? ----------------------------------------------------------- Сыдигъуа зыIукIыщтыр къыкIэлъыкIорэ мэшIокоу Лондон кIорэр? 0
Sy--gua-z-IukIy-hht-r---kIjel----rj---je-hI--o------o--kIorj--? S______ z____________ k_____________ m_________ L_____ k_______ S-d-g-a z-I-k-y-h-t-r k-k-j-l-k-o-j- m-e-h-o-o- L-n-o- k-o-j-r- --------------------------------------------------------------- Sydigua zyIukIyshhtyr kykIjelykIorje mjeshIokou London kIorjer?
When does the train for Warsaw leave? Ва------кIо-э--э---к-р----ь--ы---х-ап--- --к-ы--? В______ к____ м_______ с_______ т_______ I_______ В-р-а-э к-о-э м-ш-о-у- с-х-а-ы- т-ь-п-ы- I-к-ы-т- ------------------------------------------------- Варшавэ кIорэ мэшIокур сыхьатыр тхьапшым IукIыщт? 0
V-----v-- kIorj- mj-s-I-k-r-----a-y---------ym--ukIy----? V________ k_____ m_________ s_______ t________ I_________ V-r-h-v-e k-o-j- m-e-h-o-u- s-h-a-y- t-'-p-h-m I-k-y-h-t- --------------------------------------------------------- Varshavje kIorje mjeshIokur syh'atyr th'apshym IukIyshht?
When does the train for Stockholm leave? Сто--о----к-ор- м------- с-х------тх----------I-щ-? С________ к____ м_______ с_______ т_______ I_______ С-о-г-л-м к-о-э м-ш-о-у- с-х-а-ы- т-ь-п-ы- I-к-ы-т- --------------------------------------------------- Стокгольм кIорэ мэшIокур сыхьатыр тхьапшым IукIыщт? 0
S-okg-l-- k-o-je-m--sh--kur syh'---r-t-'--sh-m-Iuk-yshht? S________ k_____ m_________ s_______ t________ I_________ S-o-g-l-m k-o-j- m-e-h-o-u- s-h-a-y- t-'-p-h-m I-k-y-h-t- --------------------------------------------------------- Stokgol'm kIorje mjeshIokur syh'atyr th'apshym IukIyshht?
When does the train for Budapest leave? Буда------I-рэ-м-шI-к-- с--ьат-р-т-ьапшым I-кI-щт? Б_______ к____ м_______ с_______ т_______ I_______ Б-д-п-ш- к-о-э м-ш-о-у- с-х-а-ы- т-ь-п-ы- I-к-ы-т- -------------------------------------------------- Будапешт кIорэ мэшIокур сыхьатыр тхьапшым IукIыщт? 0
B-da---h---Iorje ---sh----- ----atyr -h-a-s--- I-k-ys-ht? B________ k_____ m_________ s_______ t________ I_________ B-d-p-s-t k-o-j- m-e-h-o-u- s-h-a-y- t-'-p-h-m I-k-y-h-t- --------------------------------------------------------- Budapesht kIorje mjeshIokur syh'atyr th'apshym IukIyshht?
I’d like a ticket to Madrid. С- -а-р---нэ---ы--и----с-фа-. С_ М_____ н__ з_ б____ с_____ С- М-д-и- н-с з- б-л-т с-ф-й- ----------------------------- Сэ Мадрид нэс зы билет сыфай. 0
Sje M-drid---es--- ------s---j. S__ M_____ n___ z_ b____ s_____ S-e M-d-i- n-e- z- b-l-t s-f-j- ------------------------------- Sje Madrid njes zy bilet syfaj.
I’d like a ticket to Prague. С------- -эс-зы ----- -ы-а-. С_ П____ н__ з_ б____ с_____ С- П-а-э н-с з- б-л-т с-ф-й- ---------------------------- Сэ Прагэ нэс зы билет сыфай. 0
S---Pra-j- n--s-zy-b-le--sy---. S__ P_____ n___ z_ b____ s_____ S-e P-a-j- n-e- z- b-l-t s-f-j- ------------------------------- Sje Pragje njes zy bilet syfaj.
I’d like a ticket to Bern. Сэ Б--н нэс -ы-б---т -ыф--. С_ Б___ н__ з_ б____ с_____ С- Б-р- н-с з- б-л-т с-ф-й- --------------------------- Сэ Берн нэс зы билет сыфай. 0
S---B--n nj---zy bile- syf-j. S__ B___ n___ z_ b____ s_____ S-e B-r- n-e- z- b-l-t s-f-j- ----------------------------- Sje Bern njes zy bilet syfaj.
When does the train arrive in Vienna? МэшIоку---ыд-г-у----н- -ъ-зы---р-р? М_______ с_______ В___ к___________ М-ш-о-у- с-д-г-у- В-н- к-ы-ы-э-р-р- ----------------------------------- МэшIокур сыдигъуа Венэ къызынэсрэр? 0
M-e-h--ku- sy--g-a---nje---zy-je----r? M_________ s______ V____ k____________ M-e-h-o-u- s-d-g-a V-n-e k-z-n-e-r-e-? -------------------------------------- MjeshIokur sydigua Venje kyzynjesrjer?
When does the train arrive in Moscow? Мэ---кур с--и-ъ----оск----ъы---эс-э-? М_______ с_______ М_____ к___________ М-ш-о-у- с-д-г-у- М-с-в- к-ы-ы-э-р-р- ------------------------------------- МэшIокур сыдигъуа Москва къызынэсрэр? 0
Mje-hIoku- s---g----oskva -y-y---srj-r? M_________ s______ M_____ k____________ M-e-h-o-u- s-d-g-a M-s-v- k-z-n-e-r-e-? --------------------------------------- MjeshIokur sydigua Moskva kyzynjesrjer?
When does the train arrive in Amsterdam? М-шIо-ур--ы---ъ-- -мстер-ам----з-нэс--р? М_______ с_______ А________ к___________ М-ш-о-у- с-д-г-у- А-с-е-д-м к-ы-ы-э-р-р- ---------------------------------------- МэшIокур сыдигъуа Амстердам къызынэсрэр? 0
M-eshI--ur -y----a-A-sterd-m-kyzyn-es-j--? M_________ s______ A________ k____________ M-e-h-o-u- s-d-g-a A-s-e-d-m k-z-n-e-r-e-? ------------------------------------------ MjeshIokur sydigua Amsterdam kyzynjesrjer?
Do I have to change trains? Н-м-к- си---схь-жь-н фае-----щ-а? Н_____ с____________ ф___ х______ Н-м-к- с-т-ы-х-а-ь-н ф-е- х-у-т-? --------------------------------- НэмыкI ситIысхьажьын фаеу хъущта? 0
Nj-my-I s-t-ys--azh'y- -ae-----h-ta? N______ s_____________ f___ h_______ N-e-y-I s-t-y-h-a-h-y- f-e- h-s-h-a- ------------------------------------ NjemykI sitIysh'azh'yn faeu hushhta?
From which platform does the train leave? Мэ-Iо-ур-----б-ъ-а--ыщыIу---эр? М_______ с________ з___________ М-ш-о-у- с-д-б-ъ-а з-щ-I-к-р-р- ------------------------------- МэшIокур сыдыбгъуа зыщыIукIрэр? 0
Mje---ok-r-s-dy--ua-zys-h--ukI-j--? M_________ s_______ z______________ M-e-h-o-u- s-d-b-u- z-s-h-I-k-r-e-? ----------------------------------- MjeshIokur sydybgua zyshhyIukIrjer?
Does the train have sleepers? Мы-мэш-оку- ч---пIэ-э- --э-а? М_ м_______ ч_________ и_____ М- м-ш-о-у- ч-ы-п-э-э- и-э-а- ----------------------------- Мы мэшIокум чъыяпIэхэр иIэха? 0
M- m--shI--um c-yj-pIj--j-r--I-e--? M_ m_________ c____________ i______ M- m-e-h-o-u- c-y-a-I-e-j-r i-j-h-? ----------------------------------- My mjeshIokum chyjapIjehjer iIjeha?
I’d like a one-way ticket to Brussels. Сэ -ы--ъэн---о--р---е-ь -э--би-е- -ы-а-. С_ з_ л_______ Б_______ н__ б____ с_____ С- з- л-э-ы-ъ- Б-ю-с-л- н-с б-л-т с-ф-й- ---------------------------------------- Сэ зы лъэныкъо Брюссель нэс билет сыфай. 0
S---z---j-nyko -rju-sel' n-es-b-let s-fa-. S__ z_ l______ B________ n___ b____ s_____ S-e z- l-e-y-o B-j-s-e-' n-e- b-l-t s-f-j- ------------------------------------------ Sje zy ljenyko Brjussel' njes bilet syfaj.
I’d like a return ticket to Copenhagen. Сэ -опенг---н -ык---и-Iы-ь-н-у----е--сы---. С_ К_________ с_______________ б____ с_____ С- К-п-н-а-е- с-к-ы-и-I-ж-ы-э- б-л-т с-ф-й- ------------------------------------------- Сэ Копенгаген сыкъырикIыжьынэу билет сыфай. 0
S-e -o----a-e--sy-y--kIyz---n--u bi-e- s--a-. S__ K_________ s________________ b____ s_____ S-e K-p-n-a-e- s-k-r-k-y-h-y-j-u b-l-t s-f-j- --------------------------------------------- Sje Kopengagen sykyrikIyzh'ynjeu bilet syfaj.
What does a berth in the sleeper cost? У-ы--ч-ы-н п-ъэ--ы-- ва--н-м-и-ыч--пI---х---- ыуас? У_________ п________ в______ и________ т_____ ы____ У-ы-ы-ъ-е- п-ъ-к-ы-т в-г-н-м и-ы-I-п-э т-ь-п- ы-а-? --------------------------------------------------- Узыщычъыен плъэкIыщт вагоным изычIыпIэ тхьапш ыуас? 0
Uzys-h---ye--pl--k-y-h----a-o--m i-y-hI----e--h'a--h--u-s? U___________ p__________ v______ i__________ t______ y____ U-y-h-y-h-e- p-j-k-y-h-t v-g-n-m i-y-h-y-I-e t-'-p-h y-a-? ---------------------------------------------------------- Uzyshhychyen pljekIyshht vagonym izychIypIje th'apsh yuas?

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Language change

The world in which we live changes every day. As a result, our language can never stagnate. It continues to develop with us and is therefore dynamic. This change can affect all areas of a language. That is to say, it can apply to various aspects. Phonological change affects the sound system of a language. With semantic change, the meaning of words change. Lexical change involves changes to vocabulary. Grammatical change alters grammatical structures. The reasons for linguistic change are varied. Often economic reasons exist. Speakers or writers want to save time or effort. Such being the case, they simplify their speech. Innovations can also promote language change. That is the case, for instance, when new things are invented. These things need names, so new words emerge. Language change is typically not planned. It is a natural process and often happens automatically. But speakers can also vary their language quite consciously. They do that when they want to achieve a certain effect. The influence of foreign languages also promotes language change. This becomes particularly obvious in times of globalization. The English language influences other languages more than any other. You can find English words in almost every language. They are called Anglicisms. Language change has been criticized or feared since ancient times. At the same time, language change is a positive sign. Because it proves: Our language is alive – just like us!
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Persian belongs to the Iranian language family. It is primarily spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. It is important in other countries too, however. Among them are Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Bahrain, Iraq and India. Persian is the native language of approximately 70 million people. An additional 50 million people speak it as a second language. Different dialects are spoken depending on the region. In Iran, the Teheran dialect is considered the standard spoken language. In addition, the official written language of Persian also has to be learned. The Persian semiotic system is a variation of the Arabic alphabet. Persian contains no noun markers. There are also no grammatical genders. In the past Persian was the most important common language of the Orient. When you study Persian you quickly discover a fascinating culture. And Persian literature is among the most significant literary traditions in the world.