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en Countries and Languages   »   cs Země a jazyky

5 [five]

Countries and Languages

Countries and Languages

5 [pět]

Země a jazyky

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John is from London. Jo-- ---z--ondýna. J___ j_ z L_______ J-h- j- z L-n-ý-a- ------------------ John je z Londýna. 0
London is in Great Britain. Lo--ý---ež---e V-lké--r-----i. L_____ l___ v_ V____ B________ L-n-ý- l-ž- v- V-l-é B-i-á-i-. ------------------------------ Londýn leží ve Velké Británii. 0
He speaks English. O- ---------l-cky. O_ m____ a________ O- m-u-í a-g-i-k-. ------------------ On mluví anglicky. 0
Maria is from Madrid. Mari- je----adri--. M____ j_ z M_______ M-r-a j- z M-d-i-u- ------------------- Maria je z Madridu. 0
Madrid is in Spain. Ma--i- -e-í--e-Š-aněl--u. M_____ l___ v_ Š_________ M-d-i- l-ž- v- Š-a-ě-s-u- ------------------------- Madrid leží ve Španělsku. 0
She speaks Spanish. O-a-mluví--p-n--s--. O__ m____ š_________ O-a m-u-í š-a-ě-s-y- -------------------- Ona mluví španělsky. 0
Peter and Martha are from Berlin. P--- - Ma-----s-u z-Be-lína. P___ a M____ j___ z B_______ P-t- a M-r-a j-o- z B-r-í-a- ---------------------------- Petr a Marta jsou z Berlína. 0
Berlin is in Germany. Be-l-n---ží - -ě-ecku. B_____ l___ v N_______ B-r-í- l-ž- v N-m-c-u- ---------------------- Berlín leží v Německu. 0
Do both of you speak German? M---í-- o-- - -bě ----c--? M______ o__ / o__ n_______ M-u-í-e o-a / o-ě n-m-c-y- -------------------------- Mluvíte oba / obě německy? 0
London is a capital city. L--d-n -- hla-ní ---t-. L_____ j_ h_____ m_____ L-n-ý- j- h-a-n- m-s-o- ----------------------- Londýn je hlavní město. 0
Madrid and Berlin are also capital cities. M-d-i--a --rlín j----t----hl---- -ě-ta. M_____ a B_____ j___ t___ h_____ m_____ M-d-i- a B-r-í- j-o- t-k- h-a-n- m-s-a- --------------------------------------- Madrid a Berlín jsou také hlavní města. 0
Capital cities are big and noisy. Hl-vní m-s-a-js-- -e-ká-a -----á. H_____ m____ j___ v____ a h______ H-a-n- m-s-a j-o- v-l-á a h-u-n-. --------------------------------- Hlavní města jsou velká a hlučná. 0
France is in Europe. Fr--c-e l-ž-------opě. F______ l___ v E______ F-a-c-e l-ž- v E-r-p-. ---------------------- Francie leží v Evropě. 0
Egypt is in Africa. E-y-t l-ží-- ---ic-. E____ l___ v A______ E-y-t l-ž- v A-r-c-. -------------------- Egypt leží v Africe. 0
Japan is in Asia. Ja-ons-- l-ž- v A--i. J_______ l___ v A____ J-p-n-k- l-ž- v A-i-. --------------------- Japonsko leží v Asii. 0
Canada is in North America. Kana-----ží v--everní-Amer---. K_____ l___ v S______ A_______ K-n-d- l-ž- v S-v-r-í A-e-i-e- ------------------------------ Kanada leží v Severní Americe. 0
Panama is in Central America. Pa-ama -ež- -- Stře-ní-Amer-ce. P_____ l___ v_ S______ A_______ P-n-m- l-ž- v- S-ř-d-í A-e-i-e- ------------------------------- Panama leží ve Střední Americe. 0
Brazil is in South America. B-a-í-ie---ž- v -iž-- -me-i--. B_______ l___ v J____ A_______ B-a-í-i- l-ž- v J-ž-í A-e-i-e- ------------------------------ Brazílie leží v Jižní Americe. 0

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Languages and dialects

There are 6,000 to 7,000 different languages worldwide. The number of dialects is of course much higher. But what is the difference between language and dialect? Dialects always have a clearly localized tone. They belong to the regional language varieties. This means dialects are a language form with the narrowest reach. As a general rule, dialects are only spoken, not written. They form their own linguistic system. And they follow their own rules. Theoretically, every language can have several dialects. All dialects fall under the standard language of a country. The standard language is understood by all the people of a country. With it, even speakers of different dialects can communicate with each other. Almost all dialects are becoming less important. You hardly hear dialects being spoken in cities anymore. The standard language is usually spoken at work as well. Therefore, dialect speakers are often said to be simple and uneducated. And yet they can be found at all social levels. So dialect speakers are no less intelligent than others. Quite the opposite! Those who speak in dialect have many advantages. In a language course, for example. Dialect speakers know that there are different linguistic forms. And they have learned to switch quickly between linguistic styles. Therefore, dialect speakers possess a higher competence for variation. They can sense which linguistic style fits with a certain situation. This has even been scientifically proven. So: Have courage in using dialect – it's worth it!
Did you know?
Bulgarian is counted among the South Slavic languages. About 10 million people speak Bulgarian. The majority of those people, of course, live in Bulgaria. Bulgarian is spoken in other countries as well, however. Among those are Ukraine and Moldova. Bulgarian is one of the oldest documented Slavic languages. It has many specific features too. The similarity to Albanian and Romanian is striking. These languages are not Slavic languages. There are many parallels nevertheless. Therefore, all of these languages are also denoted as Balkan languages. They have a lot in common, although they are not related to each other. Bulgarian verbs can take on many forms. There is also no infinitive in Bulgarian. If you want to learn this interesting language you will soon discover many new things!