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5 [five]

Countries and Languages

Countries and Languages

5 [vijf]

Landen en talen

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John is from London. J-h- -----u-- Lon--n. J___ k___ u__ L______ J-h- k-m- u-t L-n-e-. --------------------- John komt uit Londen. 0
London is in Great Britain. L--d-- l-----n ----t -r--t-n-ië. L_____ l___ i_ G____ B__________ L-n-e- l-g- i- G-o-t B-i-t-n-i-. -------------------------------- Londen ligt in Groot Brittannië. 0
He speaks English. H-- --r-e-- E-gel-. H__ s______ E______ H-j s-r-e-t E-g-l-. ------------------- Hij spreekt Engels. 0
Maria is from Madrid. M---a-kom----- ---rid. M____ k___ u__ M______ M-r-a k-m- u-t M-d-i-. ---------------------- Maria komt uit Madrid. 0
Madrid is in Spain. M-dr-d l--t ----pa-je. M_____ l___ i_ S______ M-d-i- l-g- i- S-a-j-. ---------------------- Madrid ligt in Spanje. 0
She speaks Spanish. Z-j s-r---t Spaa--. Z__ s______ S______ Z-j s-r-e-t S-a-n-. ------------------- Zij spreekt Spaans. 0
Peter and Martha are from Berlin. Pe-e- -- --rt-a---me- u-- Berl---. P____ e_ M_____ k____ u__ B_______ P-t-r e- M-r-h- k-m-n u-t B-r-i-n- ---------------------------------- Peter en Martha komen uit Berlijn. 0
Berlin is in Germany. B-rl-j- lig--i--D-it---nd. B______ l___ i_ D_________ B-r-i-n l-g- i- D-i-s-a-d- -------------------------- Berlijn ligt in Duitsland. 0
Do both of you speak German? S-re--n j-ll-e --le--- Du--s? S______ j_____ a______ D_____ S-r-k-n j-l-i- a-l-b-i D-i-s- ----------------------------- Spreken jullie allebei Duits? 0
London is a capital city. Lo-de--is-een -o-f-----. L_____ i_ e__ h_________ L-n-e- i- e-n h-o-d-t-d- ------------------------ Londen is een hoofdstad. 0
Madrid and Berlin are also capital cities. M-dr---e-----l-j---ij- oo- ----ds-----. M_____ e_ B______ z___ o__ h___________ M-d-i- e- B-r-i-n z-j- o-k h-o-d-t-d-n- --------------------------------------- Madrid en Berlijn zijn ook hoofdsteden. 0
Capital cities are big and noisy. De h---d---d------n---o-t-e---a-a---ri-. D_ h__________ z___ g____ e_ l__________ D- h-o-d-t-d-n z-j- g-o-t e- l-w-a-e-i-. ---------------------------------------- De hoofdsteden zijn groot en lawaaierig. 0
France is in Europe. F-----ij--l----i--Euro-a. F________ l___ i_ E______ F-a-k-i-k l-g- i- E-r-p-. ------------------------- Frankrijk ligt in Europa. 0
Egypt is in Africa. E---te -igt in --r-ka. E_____ l___ i_ A______ E-y-t- l-g- i- A-r-k-. ---------------------- Egypte ligt in Afrika. 0
Japan is in Asia. J-p---------n--z--. J____ l___ i_ A____ J-p-n l-g- i- A-i-. ------------------- Japan ligt in Azië. 0
Canada is in North America. C----a -igt-in--oord---e----. C_____ l___ i_ N_____________ C-n-d- l-g- i- N-o-d-A-e-i-a- ----------------------------- Canada ligt in Noord-Amerika. 0
Panama is in Central America. P---m- l----in -idde---m-rik-. P_____ l___ i_ M______________ P-n-m- l-g- i- M-d-e---m-r-k-. ------------------------------ Panama ligt in Midden-Amerika. 0
Brazil is in South America. Br-zi---------in-Zu----meri--. B_______ l___ i_ Z____________ B-a-i-i- l-g- i- Z-i---m-r-k-. ------------------------------ Brazilië ligt in Zuid-Amerika. 0

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Languages and dialects

There are 6,000 to 7,000 different languages worldwide. The number of dialects is of course much higher. But what is the difference between language and dialect? Dialects always have a clearly localized tone. They belong to the regional language varieties. This means dialects are a language form with the narrowest reach. As a general rule, dialects are only spoken, not written. They form their own linguistic system. And they follow their own rules. Theoretically, every language can have several dialects. All dialects fall under the standard language of a country. The standard language is understood by all the people of a country. With it, even speakers of different dialects can communicate with each other. Almost all dialects are becoming less important. You hardly hear dialects being spoken in cities anymore. The standard language is usually spoken at work as well. Therefore, dialect speakers are often said to be simple and uneducated. And yet they can be found at all social levels. So dialect speakers are no less intelligent than others. Quite the opposite! Those who speak in dialect have many advantages. In a language course, for example. Dialect speakers know that there are different linguistic forms. And they have learned to switch quickly between linguistic styles. Therefore, dialect speakers possess a higher competence for variation. They can sense which linguistic style fits with a certain situation. This has even been scientifically proven. So: Have courage in using dialect – it's worth it!
Did you know?
Bulgarian is counted among the South Slavic languages. About 10 million people speak Bulgarian. The majority of those people, of course, live in Bulgaria. Bulgarian is spoken in other countries as well, however. Among those are Ukraine and Moldova. Bulgarian is one of the oldest documented Slavic languages. It has many specific features too. The similarity to Albanian and Romanian is striking. These languages are not Slavic languages. There are many parallels nevertheless. Therefore, all of these languages are also denoted as Balkan languages. They have a lot in common, although they are not related to each other. Bulgarian verbs can take on many forms. There is also no infinitive in Bulgarian. If you want to learn this interesting language you will soon discover many new things!