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en Countries and Languages   »   ku Welat û ziman

5 [five]

Countries and Languages

Countries and Languages

5 [pênc]

Welat û ziman

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John is from London. Jo-n-j- Lo--o-ê y-. J___ j_ L______ y__ J-h- j- L-n-o-ê y-. ------------------- John ji Londonê ye. 0
London is in Great Britain. L--d-n l- --ît---ay--Mezin-e. L_____ l_ B_________ M____ e_ L-n-o- l- B-î-a-y-y- M-z-n e- ----------------------------- London li Brîtanyaya Mezin e. 0
He speaks English. E- ----lîzî -iaxiv-. E_ Î_______ d_______ E- Î-g-l-z- d-a-i-e- -------------------- Ew Îngilîzî diaxive. 0
Maria is from Madrid. Ma-i---i-M---i---ye. M____ j_ M______ y__ M-r-a j- M-d-i-ê y-. -------------------- Maria ji Madridê ye. 0
Madrid is in Spain. M-d--d-li S-a-y-y--ye. M_____ l_ S_______ y__ M-d-î- l- S-a-y-y- y-. ---------------------- Madrîd li Spanyayê ye. 0
She speaks Spanish. E- S-an--dia-i-e. E_ S____ d_______ E- S-a-î d-a-i-e- ----------------- Ew Spanî diaxive. 0
Peter and Martha are from Berlin. P--e----M-rt-a-i --rlînê ne. P____ û M_______ B______ n__ P-t-r û M-r-h-j- B-r-î-ê n-. ---------------------------- Peter û Marthaji Berlînê ne. 0
Berlin is in Germany. B-r--n -- E----ya-----. B_____ l_ E________ y__ B-r-î- l- E-m-n-a-ê y-. ----------------------- Berlîn li Elmanyayê ye. 0
Do both of you speak German? Ew her ------an----axiv-n? E_ h__ d_ E_____ d________ E- h-r d- E-m-n- d-a-i-i-? -------------------------- Ew her du Elmanî diaxivin? 0
London is a capital city. L-n-----ayt-xtek--. L_____ p________ e_ L-n-o- p-y-e-t-k e- ------------------- London paytextek e. 0
Madrid and Berlin are also capital cities. M-d--- --Be--î- -î --y---- -n. M_____ û B_____ j_ p______ i__ M-d-î- û B-r-î- j- p-y-e-t i-. ------------------------------ Madrîd û Berlîn jî paytext in. 0
Capital cities are big and noisy. Payte-t-m-zin - bideng-in. P______ m____ û b_____ i__ P-y-e-t m-z-n û b-d-n- i-. -------------------------- Paytext mezin û bideng in. 0
France is in Europe. Fre-sa -i -wro-a--e. F_____ l_ E_____ y__ F-e-s- l- E-r-p- y-. -------------------- Frensa li Ewropa ye. 0
Egypt is in Africa. M-s-- l----r-qa--e. M____ l_ A_____ y__ M-s-r l- A-r-q- y-. ------------------- Misir li Afrîqa ye. 0
Japan is in Asia. J--ony--l----ya---ye. J______ l_ A_____ y__ J-p-n-a l- A-y-y- y-. --------------------- Japonya li Asyayê ye. 0
Canada is in North America. Qen--a -- Ba-u-ê-E-e-îka y-. Q_____ l_ B_____ E______ y__ Q-n-d- l- B-k-r- E-e-î-a y-. ---------------------------- Qenada li Bakurê Emerîka ye. 0
Panama is in Central America. Pana-- ---E----kay--Navîn -. P_____ l_ E________ N____ e_ P-n-m- l- E-e-î-a-a N-v-n e- ---------------------------- Panama li Emerîkaya Navîn e. 0
Brazil is in South America. Braz-l li--m---ka---B------. B_____ l_ E________ B____ e_ B-a-î- l- E-e-î-a-a B-ş-r e- ---------------------------- Brazîl li Emerîkaya Başûr e. 0

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Languages and dialects

There are 6,000 to 7,000 different languages worldwide. The number of dialects is of course much higher. But what is the difference between language and dialect? Dialects always have a clearly localized tone. They belong to the regional language varieties. This means dialects are a language form with the narrowest reach. As a general rule, dialects are only spoken, not written. They form their own linguistic system. And they follow their own rules. Theoretically, every language can have several dialects. All dialects fall under the standard language of a country. The standard language is understood by all the people of a country. With it, even speakers of different dialects can communicate with each other. Almost all dialects are becoming less important. You hardly hear dialects being spoken in cities anymore. The standard language is usually spoken at work as well. Therefore, dialect speakers are often said to be simple and uneducated. And yet they can be found at all social levels. So dialect speakers are no less intelligent than others. Quite the opposite! Those who speak in dialect have many advantages. In a language course, for example. Dialect speakers know that there are different linguistic forms. And they have learned to switch quickly between linguistic styles. Therefore, dialect speakers possess a higher competence for variation. They can sense which linguistic style fits with a certain situation. This has even been scientifically proven. So: Have courage in using dialect – it's worth it!
Did you know?
Bulgarian is counted among the South Slavic languages. About 10 million people speak Bulgarian. The majority of those people, of course, live in Bulgaria. Bulgarian is spoken in other countries as well, however. Among those are Ukraine and Moldova. Bulgarian is one of the oldest documented Slavic languages. It has many specific features too. The similarity to Albanian and Romanian is striking. These languages are not Slavic languages. There are many parallels nevertheless. Therefore, all of these languages are also denoted as Balkan languages. They have a lot in common, although they are not related to each other. Bulgarian verbs can take on many forms. There is also no infinitive in Bulgarian. If you want to learn this interesting language you will soon discover many new things!