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13 [thirteen]

Activities

Activities

‫13 [تیرہ]‬

terah

‫مشاغل‬

[mashaghil]

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What does Martha do? ‫مار-ھ---------- ہے-‬ ‫______ ک__ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ا-ت-ا ک-ا ک-ت- ہ-؟- --------------------- ‫مارتھا کیا کرتی ہے؟‬ 0
ma---a -y- ka-ti -ai? m_____ k__ k____ h___ m-r-h- k-a k-r-i h-i- --------------------- martha kya karti hai?
She works at an office. ‫وہ--ف-ر م-ں کام-کرت-----‬ ‫__ د___ م__ ک__ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ہ د-ت- م-ں ک-م ک-ت- ہ--- -------------------------- ‫وہ دفتر میں کام کرتی ہے-‬ 0
w-h-d-f-a--mei- k-a---arti h-i-- w__ d_____ m___ k___ k____ h__ - w-h d-f-a- m-i- k-a- k-r-i h-i - -------------------------------- woh daftar mein kaam karti hai -
She works on the computer. ‫وہ ک-پیوٹر-پ---ا- -رتی ---‬ ‫__ ک______ پ_ ک__ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ہ ک-پ-و-ر پ- ک-م ک-ت- ہ--- ---------------------------- ‫وہ کمپیوٹر پہ کام کرتی ہے-‬ 0
w-h c-m--t-r--ay-ka-------- h-- - w__ c_______ p__ k___ k____ h__ - w-h c-m-u-e- p-y k-a- k-r-i h-i - --------------------------------- woh computer pay kaam karti hai -
Where is Martha? ‫م-ر-ھا -ہ-ں -ے-‬ ‫______ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ا-ت-ا ک-ا- ہ-؟- ----------------- ‫مارتھا کہاں ہے؟‬ 0
m---h- ---an-h--? m_____ k____ h___ m-r-h- k-h-n h-i- ----------------- martha kahan hai?
At the cinema. ‫سنی-ا م---‬ ‫_____ م____ ‫-ن-م- م-ں-‬ ------------ ‫سنیما میں-‬ 0
c-n----min- c_____ m___ c-n-m- m-n- ----------- cinema min-
She is watching a film. ‫-ہ فل- د-کھ-رہی ہ--‬ ‫__ ف__ د___ ر__ ہ___ ‫-ہ ف-م د-ک- ر-ی ہ--- --------------------- ‫وہ فلم دیکھ رہی ہے-‬ 0
w-h--ilm-dek- --hi-h---- w__ f___ d___ r___ h__ - w-h f-l- d-k- r-h- h-i - ------------------------ woh film dekh rahi hai -
What does Peter do? ‫-یٹ- کی--ک-----ے-‬ ‫____ ک__ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ی-ر ک-ا ک-ت- ہ-؟- ------------------- ‫پیٹر کیا کرتا ہے؟‬ 0
p-t------ -a-ta ha-? p____ k__ k____ h___ p-t-r k-a k-r-a h-i- -------------------- peter kya karta hai?
He studies at the university. ‫وہ-یو-ی----- -ی--پڑھت---ے-‬ ‫__ ی________ م__ پ____ ہ___ ‫-ہ ی-ن-و-س-ی م-ں پ-ھ-ا ہ--- ---------------------------- ‫وہ یونیورسٹی میں پڑھتا ہے-‬ 0
wo- -n-ve---ty me------ht--h---- w__ u_________ m___ p_____ h__ - w-h u-i-e-s-t- m-i- p-r-t- h-i - -------------------------------- woh university mein parhta hai -
He studies languages. ‫وہ-زب-ن-ں -یک- --- ---‬ ‫__ ز_____ س___ ر__ ہ___ ‫-ہ ز-ا-ی- س-ک- ر-ا ہ--- ------------------------ ‫وہ زبانیں سیکھ رہا ہے-‬ 0
w-h ---a-a-n-----h-ra-a hai-- w__ z_______ s____ r___ h__ - w-h z-b-n-i- s-e-h r-h- h-i - ----------------------------- woh zubanain seekh raha hai -
Where is Peter? ‫پی-ر-ک-ا- ---‬ ‫____ ک___ ہ___ ‫-ی-ر ک-ا- ہ-؟- --------------- ‫پیٹر کہاں ہے؟‬ 0
p--er -aha- hai? p____ k____ h___ p-t-r k-h-n h-i- ---------------- peter kahan hai?
At the café. ‫-ی-- م-ں-‬ ‫____ م____ ‫-ی-ے م-ں-‬ ----------- ‫کیفے میں-‬ 0
k--e m--- k___ m___ k-f- m-n- --------- kife min-
He is drinking coffee. ‫وہ کا-ی--- ر-ا ہے-‬ ‫__ ک___ پ_ ر__ ہ___ ‫-ہ ک-ف- پ- ر-ا ہ--- -------------------- ‫وہ کافی پی رہا ہے-‬ 0
w---ka------ --h--h-i - w__ k____ p_ r___ h__ - w-h k-a-i p- r-h- h-i - ----------------------- woh kaafi pi raha hai -
Where do they like to go? ‫و--ل---کہاں ج-ن----ند ک--- ہیں-‬ ‫__ ل__ ک___ ج___ پ___ ک___ ہ____ ‫-ہ ل-گ ک-ا- ج-ن- پ-ن- ک-ت- ہ-ں-‬ --------------------------------- ‫وہ لوگ کہاں جانا پسند کرتے ہیں؟‬ 0
wo- -og k---n --n--p---nd k---e-h--n? w__ l__ k____ j___ p_____ k____ h____ w-h l-g k-h-n j-n- p-s-n- k-r-e h-i-? ------------------------------------- woh log kahan jana pasand karte hain?
To a concert. ‫ک-س----ی--‬ ‫_____ م____ ‫-ن-ر- م-ں-‬ ------------ ‫کنسرٹ میں-‬ 0
c----rt---n- c______ m___ c-n-e-t m-n- ------------ concert min-
They like to listen to music. ‫---م--ی---شوق ----ن----یں-‬ ‫__ م_____ ش__ س_ س___ ہ____ ‫-ہ م-س-ق- ش-ق س- س-ت- ہ-ں-‬ ---------------------------- ‫وہ موسیقی شوق سے سنتے ہیں-‬ 0
wo--m-se----s--q-se-s----y---n- w__ m______ s___ s_ s_____ h___ w-h m-s-e-i s-o- s- s-n-a- h-n- ------------------------------- woh moseeqi shoq se suntay hin-
Where do they not like to go? ‫-----گ----- ---ا پ--- --یں ---ے--یں؟‬ ‫__ ل__ ک___ ج___ پ___ ن___ ک___ ہ____ ‫-ہ ل-گ ک-ا- ج-ن- پ-ن- ن-ی- ک-ت- ہ-ں-‬ -------------------------------------- ‫وہ لوگ کہاں جانا پسند نہیں کرتے ہیں؟‬ 0
w-h l-- kah----ana p--and --h- -a-t---ain? w__ l__ k____ j___ p_____ n___ k____ h____ w-h l-g k-h-n j-n- p-s-n- n-h- k-r-e h-i-? ------------------------------------------ woh log kahan jana pasand nahi karte hain?
To the disco. ‫-س-------‬ ‫____ م____ ‫-س-و م-ں-‬ ----------- ‫ڈسکو میں-‬ 0
dsko--i-- d___ m___ d-k- m-n- --------- dsko min-
They do not like to dance. ‫ا-ہ----ا-ن--کا ش-- -ہیں ہ--‬ ‫_____ ن____ ک_ ش__ ن___ ہ___ ‫-ن-ی- ن-چ-ے ک- ش-ق ن-ی- ہ--- ----------------------------- ‫انہیں ناچنے کا شوق نہیں ہے-‬ 0
i-hen --c-n-- -a s-oq----- h---- i____ n______ k_ s___ n___ h__ - i-h-n n-c-n-y k- s-o- n-h- h-i - -------------------------------- inhen nachnay ka shoq nahi hai -

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Creole Languages

Did you know that German is spoken in the South Pacific? It's really true! In parts of Papua New Guinea and Australia, people speak Unserdeutsch . It is a Creole language. Creole languages emerge in language contact situations. That is, when multiple different languages encounter one another. By now, many Creole languages are almost extinct. But worldwide 15 million people still speak a Creole language. Creole languages are always native languages. It's different with Pidgin languages. Pidgin languages are very simplified forms of speech. They are only good for very basic communication. Most Creole languages originated in the colonial era. Therefore, Creole languages are often based on European languages. One characteristic of Creole languages is a limited vocabulary. Creole languages have their own phonology too. The grammar of Creole languages is heavily simplified. Complicated rules are simply ignored by the speakers. Each Creole language is an important component of national identity. As a result, there is a lot of literature written in Creole languages. Creole languages are especially interesting for linguists. This is because they demonstrate how languages develop and later die out. So the development of language can be studied in Creole languages. They also prove that languages can change and adapt. The discipline used to research Creole languages is Creolistics, or Creology. One of the best-known sentences in the Creole language comes from Jamaica. Bob Marley made it world famous – do you know it? It's No woman, no cry! (= No, woman, don't cry!)
Did you know?
Finnish is the native language of approximately 5 million people. It is counted among the Finno-Ugrian languages. It is closely related to Estonian, and very distantly related to Hungarian. As a Uralic language, it strongly differentiates itself from the Indo-Germanic languages. An example of this is its agglutinating language structure. That means that grammatical functions are expressed through suffixed syllables. This is how long words originate that are so typical for Finnish. Another hallmark of Finnish is its many vowels. Finnish grammar distinguishes between 15 different cases. It is important to clearly separate long and short sounds in the intonation. Written and spoken Finnish are noticeably different from each other. This phenomenon is less pronounced in other European languages. All of this makes Finnish not especially easy. But all rules are consistently upheld. And the nice thing about Finnish is that it is so completely logical!