Phrasebook

en Past tense 4   »   it Passato 4

84 [eighty-four]

Past tense 4

Past tense 4

84 [ottantaquattro]

Passato 4

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to read l--g-re l______ l-g-e-e ------- leggere 0
I read. Ho--e-to. H_ l_____ H- l-t-o- --------- Ho letto. 0
I read the whole novel. Ho------ -u-to--l ---a-z-. H_ l____ t____ i_ r_______ H- l-t-o t-t-o i- r-m-n-o- -------------------------- Ho letto tutto il romanzo. 0
to understand c-p-re c_____ c-p-r- ------ capire 0
I understood. Ho -a-ito. H_ c______ H- c-p-t-. ---------- Ho capito. 0
I understood the whole text. Ho c-pi-- ---to i-------. H_ c_____ t____ i_ t_____ H- c-p-t- t-t-o i- t-s-o- ------------------------- Ho capito tutto il testo. 0
to answer rispo---re r_________ r-s-o-d-r- ---------- rispondere 0
I answered. H---i--osto. H_ r________ H- r-s-o-t-. ------------ Ho risposto. 0
I answered all the questions. H--ri-posto - -u--e--e--om----. H_ r_______ a t____ l_ d_______ H- r-s-o-t- a t-t-e l- d-m-n-e- ------------------------------- Ho risposto a tutte le domande. 0
I know that – I knew that. Lo so. ---- s---vo. L_ s__ – L_ s______ L- s-. – L- s-p-v-. ------------------- Lo so. – Lo sapevo. 0
I write that – I wrote that. L----ri--.-–----o--crit--. L_ s______ – L___ s_______ L- s-r-v-. – L-h- s-r-t-o- -------------------------- Lo scrivo. – L’ho scritto. 0
I hear that – I heard that. L---e--o.-- ---- -en--t-. L_ s_____ – L___ s_______ L- s-n-o- – L-h- s-n-i-o- ------------------------- Lo sento. – L’ho sentito. 0
I’ll get it – I got it. V-d--a p--n--rl---–-So-o -nd--o-- p-e-de---. V___ a p_________ – S___ a_____ a p_________ V-d- a p-e-d-r-o- – S-n- a-d-t- a p-e-d-r-o- -------------------------------------------- Vado a prenderlo. – Sono andato a prenderlo. 0
I’ll bring that – I brought that. L----r--. --L----por---o. L_ p_____ – L___ p_______ L- p-r-o- – L-h- p-r-a-o- ------------------------- Lo porto. – L’ho portato. 0
I’ll buy that – I bought that. L--c---------L’h--c-mp-a-o. L_ c______ – L___ c________ L- c-m-r-. – L-h- c-m-r-t-. --------------------------- Lo compro. – L’ho comprato. 0
I expect that – I expected that. Me-lo-as--t-o- – Me -- -spe--a--. M_ l_ a_______ – M_ l_ a_________ M- l- a-p-t-o- – M- l- a-p-t-a-o- --------------------------------- Me lo aspetto. – Me lo aspettavo. 0
I’ll explain that – I explained that. Lo s------ –-L’-- spie---o. L_ s______ – L___ s________ L- s-i-g-. – L-h- s-i-g-t-. --------------------------- Lo spiego. – L’ho spiegato. 0
I know that – I knew that. N------è nu-v--/ -- --. - Lo--ap-v-. N__ m_ è n____ / l_ s__ – L_ s______ N-n m- è n-o-o / l- s-. – L- s-p-v-. ------------------------------------ Non mi è nuovo / lo so. – Lo sapevo. 0

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Negative words aren't translated into the native language

When reading, multilinguals translate subconsciously into their native language. This happens automatically; that is, the readers do it without realizing. It could be said that the brain functions like a simultaneous translator. But it doesn't translate everything! One study has shown that the brain has a built-in filter. This filter decides what gets translated. And it appears that the filter ignores certain words. Negative words aren't translated into the native language. Researchers selected native speakers of Chinese for their experiment. All test subjects spoke English as their second language. The test subjects had to rate various English words. These words had different emotional content. There were positive, negative and neutral terms. While the test subjects read the words, their brains were examined. That is, the researchers measured the electrical brain activity. In doing so, they could see how the brain worked. Certain signals are generated during the translation of words. They indicate that the brain is active. However, the test subjects showed no activity with the negative words. Only the positive or neutral terms were translated. Researchers don't yet know why this is. Theoretically, the brain has to process all words the same. It could be, however, that the filter quickly examines each word. It is analyzed while still being read in the second language. If a word is negative, the memory is blocked. In other words, it can't think of the word in the native language. People can react very sensitively to words. Perhaps the brain wants to protect them from emotional shock…