Phrasebook

en Big – small   »   ka დიდი – პატარა

68 [sixty-eight]

Big – small

Big – small

68 [სამოცდარვა]

68 [samotsdarva]

დიდი – პატარა

[didi – p'at'ara]

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big and small დ--ი -ა---ტა-ა დ___ დ_ პ_____ დ-დ- დ- პ-ტ-რ- -------------- დიდი და პატარა 0
d-d- da-p--t-ara d___ d_ p_______ d-d- d- p-a-'-r- ---------------- didi da p'at'ara
The elephant is big. ს-ილო-დი---. ს____ დ_____ ს-ი-ო დ-დ-ა- ------------ სპილო დიდია. 0
s-'i-o -idia. s_____ d_____ s-'-l- d-d-a- ------------- sp'ilo didia.
The mouse is small. თ-გ-- ----რაა. თ____ პ_______ თ-გ-ი პ-ტ-რ-ა- -------------- თაგვი პატარაა. 0
t--vi p'---ar--. t____ p_________ t-g-i p-a-'-r-a- ---------------- tagvi p'at'araa.
dark and bright ბნელი--ა ნ---ლი ბ____ დ_ ნ_____ ბ-ე-ი დ- ნ-თ-ლ- --------------- ბნელი და ნათელი 0
b-e-- da na--li b____ d_ n_____ b-e-i d- n-t-l- --------------- bneli da nateli
The night is dark. ღ-----ნ----. ღ___ ბ______ ღ-მ- ბ-ე-ი-. ------------ ღამე ბნელია. 0
ghame---eli-. g____ b______ g-a-e b-e-i-. ------------- ghame bnelia.
The day is bright. დღ---ათელია. დ__ ნ_______ დ-ე ნ-თ-ლ-ა- ------------ დღე ნათელია. 0
dghe----el--. d___ n_______ d-h- n-t-l-a- ------------- dghe natelia.
old and young მ-ხ-ც- და -ხ--გ-ზ---. მ_____ დ_ ა__________ მ-ხ-ც- დ- ა-ა-გ-ზ-დ-. --------------------- მოხუცი და ახალგაზრდა. 0
m-k--t-- da--kh-l----da. m_______ d_ a___________ m-k-u-s- d- a-h-l-a-r-a- ------------------------ mokhutsi da akhalgazrda.
Our grandfather is very old. ჩ-ე-- ბ------ო-უ--ა. ჩ____ ბ____ მ_______ ჩ-ე-ი ბ-ბ-ა მ-ხ-ც-ა- -------------------- ჩვენი ბაბუა მოხუცია. 0
ch-eni b-bu- m-k-ut--a. c_____ b____ m_________ c-v-n- b-b-a m-k-u-s-a- ----------------------- chveni babua mokhutsia.
70 years ago he was still young. ს-------თი -ლ---წ-------ე--კიდე---ხ--გა--დ- ---. ს_________ წ___ წ__ ი_ ჯ__ კ____ ა_________ ი___ ს-მ-ც-ა-თ- წ-ი- წ-ნ ი- ჯ-რ კ-დ-ვ ა-ა-გ-ზ-დ- ი-ო- ------------------------------------------------ სამოცდაათი წლის წინ ის ჯერ კიდევ ახალგაზრდა იყო. 0
s-m--sd-ati------s-ts'-- i----r --id---a-hal------ iq-. s__________ t_____ t____ i_ j__ k_____ a__________ i___ s-m-t-d-a-i t-'-i- t-'-n i- j-r k-i-e- a-h-l-a-r-a i-o- ------------------------------------------------------- samotsdaati ts'lis ts'in is jer k'idev akhalgazrda iqo.
beautiful and ugly ლამაზი და---ნო ლ_____ დ_ უ___ ლ-მ-ზ- დ- უ-ნ- -------------- ლამაზი და უშნო 0
l---z---a-u---o l_____ d_ u____ l-m-z- d- u-h-o --------------- lamazi da ushno
The butterfly is beautiful. პე--ლ--ლ-მ----. პ_____ ლ_______ პ-პ-ლ- ლ-მ-ზ-ა- --------------- პეპელა ლამაზია. 0
p'----la-la-azi-. p_______ l_______ p-e-'-l- l-m-z-a- ----------------- p'ep'ela lamazia.
The spider is ugly. ობ--ა----ო-. ო____ უ_____ ო-ო-ა უ-ნ-ა- ------------ ობობა უშნოა. 0
obo-a-u-hn--. o____ u______ o-o-a u-h-o-. ------------- oboba ushnoa.
fat and thin მს----ი დ--გ--ხდა-ი მ______ დ_ გ_______ მ-უ-ა-ი დ- გ-მ-დ-რ- ------------------- მსუქანი და გამხდარი 0
m-u-a-i----g-m--da-i m______ d_ g________ m-u-a-i d- g-m-h-a-i -------------------- msukani da gamkhdari
A woman who weighs a hundred kilos is fat. ა-კი---რამი--ი ქალი მს--ან-ა. ა_____________ ქ___ მ________ ა-კ-ლ-გ-ა-ი-ნ- ქ-ლ- მ-უ-ა-ი-. ----------------------------- ასკილოგრამიანი ქალი მსუქანია. 0
as-'i-o-r---an--ka-- m---ani-. a______________ k___ m________ a-k-i-o-r-m-a-i k-l- m-u-a-i-. ------------------------------ ask'ilogramiani kali msukania.
A man who weighs fifty kilos is thin. ო-მოც-აა-კი----ამი--- -ა---გ-მ--არია. ო____________________ კ___ გ_________ ო-მ-ც-ა-თ-ი-ო-რ-მ-ა-ი კ-ც- გ-მ-დ-რ-ა- ------------------------------------- ორმოცდაათკილოგრამიანი კაცი გამხდარია. 0
o--ot---a--'i----a-ia-- k-a--- ----h-ar-a. o______________________ k_____ g__________ o-m-t-d-a-k-i-o-r-m-a-i k-a-s- g-m-h-a-i-. ------------------------------------------ ormotsdaatk'ilogramiani k'atsi gamkhdaria.
expensive and cheap ძ--რ- დ- -აფი ძ____ დ_ ი___ ძ-ი-ი დ- ი-ფ- ------------- ძვირი და იაფი 0
dzvi-i ----api d_____ d_ i___ d-v-r- d- i-p- -------------- dzviri da iapi
The car is expensive. მან-ა-- ძვ-რ--. მ______ ძ______ მ-ნ-ა-ა ძ-ი-ი-. --------------- მანქანა ძვირია. 0
ma--an---zv--i-. m______ d_______ m-n-a-a d-v-r-a- ---------------- mankana dzviria.
The newspaper is cheap. გ-ზეთი -აფია. გ_____ ი_____ გ-ზ-თ- ი-ფ-ა- ------------- გაზეთი იაფია. 0
gazeti-i-pi-. g_____ i_____ g-z-t- i-p-a- ------------- gazeti iapia.

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Code-switching

More and more people are growing up bilingual. They can speak more than one language. Many of these people often switch languages. They decide which language to use depending on the situation. For example, they speak a different language at work than at home. By doing so, they adapt themselves to their environment. But there is also the possibility of switching languages spontaneously. This phenomenon is called code-switching . In code-switching, the language gets switched in the middle of speaking. There could be many reasons why speakers switch languages. Often, they don't find the appropriate word in one language. They can express themselves better in the other language. It can also be that the speaker feels more confident in one of the languages. They use this language for private or personal things. Sometimes a certain word doesn't exist in a language. In this case the speaker must switch languages. Or they switch languages so that they aren't understood. In that case code-switching works like a secret language. Earlier, mixing languages was criticized. It was thought that the speaker couldn't speak either language correctly. Today it is viewed differently. Code-switching is recognized as a special linguistic competence. It can be interesting to observe speakers using code-switching. Often, they don't just switch the language they're speaking. Other communicative elements change as well. Many speak faster, louder or more accentuated in the other language. Or they suddenly use more gestures and facial expressions. In this way, code-switching is always a little bit of culture-switching too…